Panja Kamonporn, Areerat Sathita, Chundang Pipatpong, Palaseweenun Pornsucha, Akrimajirachoote Nattaphong, Sitdhipol Jaruwan, Thaveethaptaikul Punnathorn, Chonpathompikunlert Pennapa, Niwasabutra Kanidta, Phapugrangkul Pongsathon, Kovitvadhi Attawit
Graduate Student in Animal Health and Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Bangpra, Chonburi 20110, Thailand.
Vet World. 2023 Apr;16(4):834-843. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.834-843. Epub 2023 Apr 21.
The use of antibiotics is associated with many side effects, with the development of bacterial resistance being particularly important. It has been found that dogs and their owners host similar resistant bacteria. This contributes to increased concurrent bacterial resistance and a possible trend of increased bacterial resistance in humans. Thus, using probiotics in dogs is an alternative option for preventing and reducing the transmission of bacterial resistance from dogs to humans. Probiotics are characterized by their potential to endure low pH levels and high concentrations of bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract. Lactobacilli are more acid-tolerant and resistant to bile acid, so they are ideal probiotics to be added to the canine diet. According to the previous studies, the benefits of are a stable nutritional status and greater digestibility, along with improved fecal scores and reduced ammonia in dogs. However, no studies have been conducted with CM20-8 (TISTR 2676), Im10 (TISTR 2734), L12-2 (TISTR 2716), KT-5 (TISTR 2688), and CM14-8 (TISTR 2720), or their use in combination. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the possible effects of the aforementioned on hematological indices, nutritional status, digestibility, enzyme activities, and immunity in dogs. From the results, a new and safe strain of may emerge for use as a probiotic in the future.
In this study, 35 dogs were allocated equally into seven groups: Group 1 received a basal diet (control), while Groups 2-7 received the same diet further supplemented with CM20-8 (TISTR 2676), Im10 (TISTR 2734), L12-2 (TISTR 2716), KT-5 (TISTR 2688), CM14-8 (TISTR 2720), or a mixture of probiotics (, , , , and ), respectively. All probiotics were administered at a dose of 10 colony-forming unit/dog for 28 days. Nutritional status, hematology, serum biochemistry, digestibility, enzyme activities, and immunity parameters were assessed.
There were no differences among the groups in body weight, feed intake, body condition score, fecal score, and fecal dry matter on the different sampling days. The hematology and serum biochemical analyses showed a difference only in creatinine activity (p < 0.001), with higher values in group CM14-8 (TISTR 2720) and lower values in group KT-5 (TISTR 2688) than in controls. However, all measurements were within the normal laboratory reference ranges. Fecal characteristics (fecal ammonia and fecal pH), fecal digestive enzyme activities, serum immunoglobulin (IgG), and fecal IgA did not differ significantly among the groups (p > 0.05).
CM20-8 (TISTR 2676), Im10 (TISTR 2734), L12-2 (TISTR 2716), KT-5 (TISTR 2688), and CM14-8 (TISTR 2720), along with their mixture are safe and non-pathogenic additives for use as new probiotic strains of in dogs. Although the new strains had no effect on hematology, serum biochemistry, nutritional status, digestive enzyme activities, immunity, body weight, feed intake, or body condition scores in dogs, further studies should investigate the intestinal microbiota and the development of clinical treatments.
抗生素的使用会带来许多副作用，其中细菌耐药性的发展尤为重要。研究发现，狗及其主人体内携带相似的耐药菌。这导致同时出现的细菌耐药性增加，且人类的细菌耐药性可能有上升趋势。因此，在狗身上使用益生菌是预防和减少细菌耐药性从狗传播给人类的一种替代选择。益生菌的特点是能够耐受胃肠道中的低pH值和高浓度胆汁酸。乳酸菌更耐酸且对胆汁酸有抗性，所以它们是添加到犬类饮食中的理想益生菌。根据先前的研究，[未提及的某种物质]的益处包括稳定的营养状况、更高的消化率，以及狗的粪便评分改善和氨含量降低。然而，尚未对CM20 - 8（泰国科学技术研究所2676株）、Im10（泰国科学技术研究所2734株）、L12 - 2（泰国科学技术研究所2716株）、KT - 5（泰国科学技术研究所2688株）和CM14 - 8（泰国科学技术研究所2720株），或它们的组合使用进行研究。因此，本研究的目的是检验上述[未提及的某种物质]对狗的血液学指标、营养状况、消化率、酶活性和免疫力的可能影响。根据研究结果，未来可能会出现一种新型且安全的[未提及的某种物质]菌株用作益生菌。
在本研究中，35只狗被平均分为七组：第1组接受基础饮食（对照组），而第2 - 7组接受相同饮食，并分别进一步补充CM20 - 8（泰国科学技术研究所2676株）、Im10（泰国科学技术研究所2734株）、L12 - 2（泰国科学技术研究所2716株）、KT - 5（泰国科学技术研究所2688株）、CM14 - 8（泰国科学技术研究所2720株）或益生菌混合物（CM20 - 8、Im10、L12 - 2、KT - 5和CM14 - 8）。所有益生菌的给药剂量为10菌落形成单位/只狗，持续28天。评估营养状况、血液学、血清生化、消化率、酶活性和免疫参数。
在不同采样日，各组之间的体重、采食量、身体状况评分、粪便评分和粪便干物质均无差异。血液学和血清生化分析仅显示肌酐活性存在差异（p < 0.001），CM14 - 8（泰国科学技术研究所2720株）组的值高于对照组，KT - 5（泰国科学技术研究所2688株）组的值低于对照组。然而，所有测量值均在正常实验室参考范围内。各组之间的粪便特征（粪便氨和粪便pH值）、粪便消化酶活性、血清免疫球蛋白（IgG）和粪便IgA无显著差异（p > 0.05）。
CM20 - 8（泰国科学技术研究所2676株）、Im10（泰国科学技术研究所2734株）、L12 - 2（泰国科学技术研究所2716株）、KT - 5（泰国科学技术研究所2688株）和CM14 - 8（泰国科学技术研究所2720株）及其混合物作为新型[未提及的某种物质]益生菌菌株用于狗是安全且无致病性的添加剂。尽管新的[未提及的某种物质]菌株对狗的血液学、血清生化、营养状况、消化酶活性、免疫力、体重、采食量或身体状况评分没有影响，但进一步的研究应调查肠道微生物群以及临床治疗的发展情况。
