Loinaz Ismael, Irureta Maialen, San Juan César
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Social Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 May 17;11(10):1458. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11101458.
Like other forms of domestic violence, child-to-parent violence (CPV) is a social and health-related problem. The identification of risk factors has preventive and therapeutic implications. This paper analyzes the risk profiles and gender differences of 206 CPV cases between 12 and 28 years of age (58% males) from clinical and judicial contexts in Spain, assessed using the Child to Parent Violence Risk (CPVR) Assessment tool. Two profiles were compared according to the extent of their violence: those using only CPV (specialist, 64.1%) and those also using other types of violence (generalist, 35.9%), as coded by professionals working with the cases. Generalist perpetrators had a significantly higher prevalence in terms of the bidirectionality of the violence (being victims at home), bullying victimization, empathy problems, anger management issues, attitudes justifying violence, antisocial behavior, failure of previous interventions, violence between parents, cohabitation problems other than CPV, problematic education style, and inversion of the hierarchy. Females were less likely to be generalists, and, in the case of female specialists, violence from parents and issues in the family context may have been among the main explanations for their violence. The results suggest differences between groups, which is consistent with previous research, but also the need for more accurate typological classification methods.
与其他形式的家庭暴力一样，子女对父母的暴力行为（CPV）是一个与社会和健康相关的问题。识别风险因素具有预防和治疗意义。本文分析了西班牙临床和司法背景下206例12至28岁CPV案例（58%为男性）的风险特征和性别差异，这些案例使用儿童对父母暴力风险（CPVR）评估工具进行评估。根据暴力程度比较了两种类型：仅使用CPV的（专科型，64.1%）和也使用其他类型暴力的（通科型，35.9%），由处理这些案例的专业人员进行分类。通科型施暴者在暴力的双向性（在家中成为受害者）、受欺凌受害情况、同理心问题、愤怒管理问题、为暴力行为辩解的态度、反社会行为、先前干预失败、父母之间的暴力、除CPV外的同居问题、有问题的教育方式以及等级倒置方面的患病率显著更高。女性成为通科型施暴者的可能性较小，对于女性专科型施暴者而言，来自父母的暴力和家庭环境问题可能是其暴力行为的主要原因之一。结果表明不同群体之间存在差异，这与先前的研究一致，但也需要更准确的类型分类方法。
