Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 91768, USA.
Primary Care Division, Health Tap, Mountain View, CA, 94040, USA.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2023 Oct;123(10):2213-2223. doi: 10.1007/s00421-023-05231-2. Epub 2023 May 31.
The purpose of the study was to determine whether sports training comprised of (1) high-impact loading sport in volleyball (VOL), (2) odd impact loading sport in soccer (SOC), and (3) low impact sport in distance running (RUN) were associated with tibial bending strength and calcaneus bone mineral density (BMD), and ulnar bending strength and wrist BMD.
Female athletes comprised of 13 VOL, 22 SOC, and 22 RUN participated in the study. Twenty-three female non-athletes (NA) served as the comparison group. Tibial and ulnar bending strength (EI, Nm) were assessed using a mechanical response tissue analyzer (MRTA). Calcaneus and wrist BMD were assessed using a peripheral X-ray absorptiometry. Group means differences among the study groups were determined using ANCOVA with age, weight, height, percent body fat, ethnicity/race, and training history serving as covariates.
Tibial EI of VOL (228.3 ± 138 Nm) and SOC (208.6 ± 115 Nm) were greater (p < 0.05) compared to NA (101.2 ± 42 Nm). Ulnar EI of SOC (54.9 ± 51 Nm) was higher (p < 0.05) than NA (27.2 ± 9 Nm). Calcaneus BMD of VOL (0.618 ± 0.12 g/cm), SOC (0.621 ± 0.009 g/cm), and RUN (0.572 ± 0.007 g/cm) were higher (p < 0.05) than NA (0.501 ± 0.08 g/cm), but not different between athletic groups. Wrist BMD of VOL (0.484 ± .06 g/cm) and SOC (0.480 ± 0.06 g/cm) were higher (p < 0.05) than NA (0.443 ± 0.04 g/cm).
Female VOL athletes exhibit greater tibial bending strength than RUN and NA, but not greater than SOC. Female SOC athletes exhibit greater ulnar bending strength and wrist BMD than NA.
本研究旨在确定以下三种运动训练是否与胫骨弯曲强度和跟骨骨密度（BMD）以及桡骨弯曲强度和腕骨 BMD 相关：（1）排球（VOL）中的高冲击负荷运动，（2）足球（SOC）中的奇数冲击负荷运动，（3）长跑（RUN）中的低冲击运动。
研究对象包括 13 名 VOL 运动员、22 名 SOC 运动员和 22 名 RUN 运动员。23 名女性非运动员（NA）作为对照组。使用机械响应组织分析仪（MRTA）评估胫骨和桡骨弯曲强度（EI，Nm）。使用外周 X 射线吸收法评估跟骨和腕骨 BMD。使用协方差分析（ANCOVA）确定研究组之间的组均值差异，年龄、体重、身高、体脂百分比、种族/民族和训练史作为协变量。
VOL（228.3±138 Nm）和 SOC（208.6±115 Nm）的胫骨 EI 大于（p<0.05）NA（101.2±42 Nm）。SOC 的桡骨 EI（54.9±51 Nm）高于（p<0.05）NA（27.2±9 Nm）。VOL（0.618±0.12 g/cm）、SOC（0.621±0.009 g/cm）和 RUN（0.572±0.007 g/cm）的跟骨 BMD 高于（p<0.05）NA（0.501±0.08 g/cm），但不同运动组之间没有差异。VOL（0.484±0.06 g/cm）和 SOC（0.480±0.06 g/cm）的腕骨 BMD 高于（p<0.05）NA（0.443±0.04 g/cm）。
女性 VOL 运动员的胫骨弯曲强度大于 RUN 和 NA，但不大于 SOC。女性 SOC 运动员的桡骨弯曲强度和腕骨 BMD 大于 NA。
