Clinical Psychology Unit, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2023 Oct;24(5):871-883. doi: 10.1007/s11154-023-09810-8. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
Individual differences in obesity, beyond being explained by metabolic and medical complications, are understood by alterations in eating behaviour which underlie psychological processes. From this psychological perspective, studies have identified several potential characteristic features at the psycho-behavioural level that could additionally explain the maintenance of chronic excess weight or the unsuccessful results of current treatments. To date, despite the growing evidence, the heterogeneity of the psychological evidence associated with obesity has made it challenging to generate consensus on whether these psycho-behavioural phenotypes can be a complement to improve outcomes of existing interventions. For this reason, this narrative review is an overview focused on summarizing studies describing the psycho-behavioural phenotypes associated with obesity. Based on the literature, three psychological constructs have emerged: reward dependence, cognitive control, and mood and emotion. We discuss the clinical implications of stratifying and identifying these psycho-behavioural profiles as potential target for interventions which may ensure a better response to treatment in individuals with obesity. Our conclusions pointed out a considerable overlap between these psycho-behavioural phenotypes suggesting bidirectional interactions between them. These findings endorse the complexity of the psycho-behavioural features associated with obesity and reinforce the need to consider them in order to improve treatment outcomes.
个体的肥胖差异，并不仅仅可以用代谢和医学并发症来解释，还可以通过饮食行为的改变来理解，而这些改变又与心理过程有关。从这个心理学角度来看，研究已经确定了几个潜在的特征在心理-行为层面上，这些特征可以进一步解释慢性超重的维持或当前治疗方法的不成功结果。尽管有越来越多的证据，但与肥胖相关的心理证据的异质性使得很难就这些心理行为表型是否可以作为改善现有干预措施结果的补充达成共识。出于这个原因，本篇叙述性综述是一篇综述，重点总结了描述与肥胖相关的心理行为表型的研究。基于文献，出现了三个心理结构：奖励依赖、认知控制和情绪。我们讨论了将这些心理行为特征分层和识别为潜在干预目标的临床意义，这可能确保肥胖个体对治疗有更好的反应。我们的结论指出，这些心理行为表型之间存在相当大的重叠，表明它们之间存在双向相互作用。这些发现支持了与肥胖相关的心理行为特征的复杂性，并强调了需要考虑这些特征，以改善治疗结果。
