Temizyurek-Arslan Merve
Department of Environmental Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Sep 20;892:164468. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164468. Epub 2023 May 30.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the environmental impacts of hazelnut cultivation in Ordu province of Türkiye, which ranks first in world hazelnut production. Thus, a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was implemented to analyze the environmental impact potentials determined as acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), and global warming potential (GWP). Additionally, energy use efficiency and economic analysis were identified. Data were collected from fifteen farmers cultivating in the same region and performing the same cultural practices by conducting a face-to-face questionnaire during the period of 2019-2020. LCA results showed that all environmental impacts and energy use of hazelnut production in the region were dominated by synthetic fertilizer. According to the results of the economic analysis, human labor had the highest share (52.7 % as a minimum) with 6.2 TRY kg and 5550.0 TRY ha, although it was not included in the environmental impact category. Harvesting had the largest share in economic costs, but it was the most challenging cultural practice as it was carried out under difficult conditions (slope up to 70 %, hot weather) and depended only on human labor. This study provides a basis for future studies and recommends solutions for agricultural sustainability in hazelnut production. The foremost step taken should be to use fertilizer according to soil analysis and to encourage organic fertilizer use. Future studies should examine the relationship between fertilizer use and hazelnut yield. Also, the use of manpower tools without fossil fuels could overcome the challenges as an environmentally friendly solution for harvesting.
本研究的目的是评估土耳其ordu省榛子种植的环境影响，该省在世界榛子产量中排名第一。因此，实施了从摇篮到大门的生命周期评估（LCA），以分析确定为酸化潜力（AP）、富营养化潜力（EP）和全球变暖潜力（GWP）的环境影响潜力。此外，还确定了能源利用效率和经济分析。通过在2019-2020年期间进行面对面问卷调查，从该地区15名种植并采用相同栽培方式的农民那里收集了数据。LCA结果表明，该地区榛子生产的所有环境影响和能源使用均以合成肥料为主。根据经济分析结果，人力劳动占比最高（最低为52.7%），每公斤6.2土耳其里拉，每公顷5550.0土耳其里拉，尽管它未包含在环境影响类别中。收获在经济成本中占比最大，但它是最具挑战性的栽培作业，因为它是在困难条件下（坡度高达70%，天气炎热）进行的，且仅依赖人力。本研究为未来研究提供了基础，并为榛子生产中的农业可持续性推荐了解决方案。首先应采取的步骤是根据土壤分析使用肥料，并鼓励使用有机肥料。未来的研究应考察肥料使用与榛子产量之间的关系。此外，使用无化石燃料的人力工具作为一种环保的收获解决方案，可以克服这些挑战。
