Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Halabja, Kurdistan Region, Halabja, 46018, Iraq.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, P.O.Box. 6714414971, Kermanshah, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jun 1;23(1):1046. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15898-z.
The lockdown and social distancing caused by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may have changed Physical Activity Level (PAL), eating behavior, and health habits due to long-term confinement worldwide.
This study aimed to evaluate the PAL, eating behavior, Quality of Life (QoL), General Health (GH), and mood states during COVID-19 confinement in a large sample of Iraqi adults.
3738 healthy adults (age 18-70 years) residing in Halabjeh, Iraq answered the online questionnaires including the short form of international physical activity, GH, three-factor eating (TFEQ-R18), and a short form of the profile of mood states (POMS-SF) questionnaires. Data analysis was done by Chi-square, and Spearman's correlation using SPSS statistical software at a significant level of (P < 0.05).
The results showed unfavorable PAL, eating behavior, QoL, GH, and mood states in the total population. Low PAL was observed in 69.96% of the men and 75.99% of the women; only 3.60% of the men and 0.77% of the women had a high PAL. There was a significantly positive relationship between low PAL and the incidence of COVID-19 both in men and women (P = 0.801; r = 0.001; and P = 0.682; r = 0.011), respectively; While a significant negative relationship was observed between the moderate and high PAL and the incidence of COVID-19 in men (P = 0.011; r=-0.682 and P = 0.027, r=-0.589), and women (P = 0.001; r=-0.796 and P = 0.018, r=-0.623). No significant relationships were observed between PAL and eating behavior (men: P = 0.086; r = 0.256 and women: P = 0.365, r=-0.121); While, the results show significant positive relationships between PAL with QoL in men (P = 0.012; r = 0.623) and women (P = = 0.001; r = 0.837). based on the results, significant negative relationships between PAL with GH and mood state scores were observed in both men (P = 0.001; r=-0.837 and P = 0.001, r=-0.786) and women (P = 0.010; r=-0.652 and P = 0.001, r=-0.745), respectively.
The Iraqi adult population showed low PAL, GH, QoL, and mood state during COVID-19 which might be due to the confinement. Also, the significant relationships between low PAL with GH, and mood state recommends physical activity as a valuable health optimizing factor during the COVID-19 pandemic.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）引发的封锁和社交距离限制可能会改变全球范围内的身体活动水平（PAL）、饮食习惯和健康习惯。
本研究旨在评估在伊拉克大量成年人中 COVID-19 隔离期间的 PAL、饮食习惯、生活质量（QoL）、一般健康（GH）和情绪状态。
3738 名 18-70 岁的健康成年人回答了包括国际体力活动简短形式、GH、三因素饮食（TFEQ-R18）和短形式心境状态问卷（POMS-SF）在内的在线问卷。使用 SPSS 统计软件进行 Chi-square 和 Spearman 相关性分析，显著水平为（P<0.05）。
总人群的 PAL、饮食习惯、QoL、GH 和情绪状态均不理想。69.96%的男性和 75.99%的女性 PAL 较低；只有 3.60%的男性和 0.77%的女性 PAL 较高。男性和女性的低 PAL 与 COVID-19 的发生率呈显著正相关（P=0.801；r=0.001；P=0.682；r=0.011）；而中度和高 PAL 与 COVID-19 的发生率呈显著负相关男性（P=0.011；r=-0.682 和 P=0.027；r=-0.589）和女性（P=0.001；r=-0.796 和 P=0.018；r=-0.623）。PAL 与饮食习惯之间无显著关系（男性：P=0.086；r=0.256 和女性：P=0.365；r=-0.121）；然而，结果表明 PAL 与男性的 QoL 呈显著正相关（P=0.012；r=0.623）和女性（P=0.001；r=0.837）。基于这些结果，在男性（P=0.001；r=-0.837 和 P=0.001；r=-0.786）和女性（P=0.010；r=-0.652 和 P=0.001；r=-0.745）中，PAL 与 GH 和情绪状态评分之间存在显著负相关。
在 COVID-19 期间，伊拉克成年人群的 PAL、GH、QoL 和情绪状态较低，这可能是由于隔离造成的。此外，低 PAL 与 GH 和情绪状态之间的显著关系表明，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，身体活动是一种有价值的优化健康的因素。
