The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
Biotechnol Adv. 2023 Oct;67:108182. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108182. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
Glycosyltransferases catalyse the transfer of a glycosyl moiety from a donor to an acceptor. Members of this enzyme class are ubiquitous throughout all kingdoms of life and are involved in the biosynthesis of countless types of glycosides. Family 1 glycosyltransferases, also referred to as uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs), glycosylate small molecules such as secondary metabolites and xenobiotics. In plants, UGTs are recognised for their multiple functionalities ranging from roles in growth regulation and development, in protection against pathogens and abiotic stresses and in adaptation to changing environments. In this study, we review UGT-mediated glycosylation of phytohormones, endogenous secondary metabolites, and xenobiotics and contextualise the role this chemical modification plays in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses and plant fitness. Here, the potential advantages and drawbacks of altering the expression patterns of specific UGTs along with the heterologous expression of UGTs across plant species to improve stress tolerance in plants are discussed. We conclude that UGT-based genetic modification of plants could potentially enhance agricultural efficiency and take part in controlling the biological activity of xenobiotics in bioremediation strategies. However, more knowledge of the intricate interplay between UGTs in plants is needed to unlock the full potential of UGTs in crop resistance.
糖基转移酶催化糖基部分从供体转移到受体。该酶类的成员在所有生命领域中无处不在，参与无数类型糖苷的生物合成。家族 1 糖基转移酶，也称为尿苷二磷酸依赖性糖基转移酶 (UGTs)，使小分子如次生代谢物和外源化学物质发生糖基化。在植物中，UGTs 的多种功能得到了认可，包括在生长调节和发育、抵御病原体和非生物胁迫以及适应不断变化的环境中发挥作用。在这项研究中，我们回顾了 UGT 介导的植物激素、内源性次生代谢物和外源化学物质的糖基化，并将这种化学修饰在生物和非生物胁迫以及植物适应性中的作用置于上下文中。在这里，我们讨论了改变特定 UGT 的表达模式以及在植物物种之间异源表达 UGT 以提高植物耐受力的潜在优缺点。我们得出的结论是，基于 UGT 的植物遗传修饰有可能提高农业效率，并参与控制生物修复策略中外源化学物质的生物活性。然而，为了充分发挥 UGT 在作物抗性中的潜力，需要更多地了解植物中 UGT 之间的复杂相互作用。
