Centre for Ergonomics and Human Factors, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3086, Australia.
Centre for Ergonomics and Human Factors, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3086, Australia.
Appl Ergon. 2023 Oct;112:104053. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2023.104053. Epub 2023 Jun 2.
Workplace management practices targeting risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) fail to reflect evidence that risk is affected by psychosocial as well as physical hazards. To promote improved practices in occupations where MSD risk is highest, better information is needed on how psychosocial hazards, combined with physical hazards, affect risk of workers in these occupations.
Survey ratings of physical and psychosocial hazards by 2329 Australian workers in occupations with high MSD risk were subjected to Principal Components Analysis. Latent Profile Analysis of hazard factor scores identified different combinations of hazards to which latent subgroups of workers were typically exposed. Survey ratings of frequency and severity of musculoskeletal discomfort or pain (MSP) generated a pre-validated MSP score and its relationship with subgroup membership was analysed. Demographic variables associated with group membership were investigated using regression modelling and descriptive statistics.
Analyses identified three physical and seven psychosocial hazard factors and three participant subgroups with differing hazard profiles. Profile group differences were greater for psychosocial than physical hazards, and MSP scores out of 60 ranged from 6.7 for the low hazard profile (29% of participants) to 17.5 for the high hazard profile (21%). Differences between occupations in hazard profiles were not large.
Both physical and psychosocial hazards affect MSD risk of workers in high-risk occupations. In workplaces such as this large Australian sample where risk management has focused on physical hazards, actions targeting psychosocial hazards may now be the most effective way to reduce risk further.
针对肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）风险的工作场所管理实践未能反映出风险受到心理社会和物理危害影响的证据。为了促进在 MSD 风险最高的职业中改善实践，需要更好地了解心理社会危害与物理危害相结合如何影响这些职业中工人的风险。
对 2329 名澳大利亚高 MSD 风险职业的工人进行了物理和心理社会危害的调查评分，对其进行主成分分析。对危害因素评分进行潜在剖面分析，确定了工人通常暴露于不同的危害组合。对肌肉骨骼不适或疼痛（MSP）的频率和严重程度进行调查评分，生成了经过预先验证的 MSP 评分，并分析了其与亚组成员身份的关系。使用回归建模和描述性统计分析调查了与组内成员身份相关的人口统计学变量。
分析确定了三个物理和七个心理社会危害因素以及三个具有不同危害特征的参与者亚组。心理社会危害比物理危害的特征差异更大，60 分制的 MSP 评分范围从低危害特征（29%的参与者）的 6.7 分到高危害特征（21%的参与者）的 17.5 分。职业之间的危害特征差异不大。
物理和心理社会危害都影响高风险职业工人的 MSD 风险。在澳大利亚这样的大型工作场所，风险管理一直侧重于物理危害，现在针对心理社会危害采取行动可能是进一步降低风险的最有效方法。
