Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia.
Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Environ Res. 2023 Sep 1;232:116292. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116292. Epub 2023 Jun 3.
Recent advancements in nanotechnology have opened new advances in agriculture. Among other nanoparticles, silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs), due to their unique physiological characteristics and structural properties, offer a significant advantage as nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanozeolite and targeted delivery systems in agriculture. Silicon nanoparticles are well known to improve plant growth under normal and stressful environments. Nanosilicon has been reported to enhance plant stress tolerance against various environmental stress and is considered a non-toxic and proficient alternative to control plant diseases. However, a few studies depicted the phytotoxic effects of SiNPs on specific plants. Therefore, there is a need for comprehensive research, mainly on the interaction mechanism between NPs and host plants to unravel the hidden facts about silicon nanoparticles in agriculture. The present review illustrates the potential role of silicon nanoparticles in improving plant resistance to combat different environmental (abiotic and biotic) stresses and the underlying mechanisms involved. Furthermore, our review focuses on providing the overview of various methods exploited in the biogenic synthesis of silicon nanoparticles. However, certain limitations exist in synthesizing the well-characterized SiNPs on a laboratory scale. To bridge this gap, in the last section of the review, we discussed the possible use of the machine learning approach in future as an effective, less labour-intensive and time-consuming method for silicon nanoparticle synthesis. The existing research gaps from our perspective and future research directions for utilizing SiNPs in sustainable agriculture development have also been highlighted.
近年来，纳米技术的进步为农业开辟了新的途径。在其他纳米粒子中，硅纳米粒子（SiNPs）由于其独特的生理特性和结构特性，作为纳米肥料、纳米农药、纳米沸石和靶向输送系统在农业中具有显著优势。众所周知，硅纳米粒子能改善正常和胁迫环境下的植物生长。据报道，纳米硅能增强植物对各种环境胁迫的抗逆性，并且被认为是一种无毒且有效的替代方法来控制植物病害。然而，少数研究描述了 SiNPs 对特定植物的植物毒性作用。因此，需要进行全面的研究，主要是研究 NPs 与宿主植物之间的相互作用机制，以揭示农业中硅纳米粒子的隐藏事实。本综述说明了硅纳米粒子在提高植物抗性以应对不同环境（生物和非生物）胁迫方面的潜力，以及所涉及的潜在机制。此外，我们的综述还侧重于提供生物合成硅纳米粒子的各种方法的概述。然而，在实验室规模上合成具有良好特性的 SiNPs 存在一定的局限性。为了弥补这一差距，在综述的最后一节，我们讨论了在未来使用机器学习方法作为一种有效、劳动强度低和耗时少的硅纳米粒子合成方法的可能性。我们还从我们的角度强调了目前研究中的差距和未来利用 SiNPs 促进可持续农业发展的研究方向。
