Kimball R F
Mutat Res. 1978;55(2):85-120. doi: 10.1016/0165-1110(78)90018-0.
The relation of various processes to mutation induction by radiation and chemicals is discussed for for various species of bacteria. A variety of repair processes have been identified at the molecular level that can eliminate many kinds of potentially mutagenic lesions before they can be converted to final mutation. Fixation often but not always occurs at replication. A number of mutagens, including UV light, ionizing radiation, and a number of chemicals, induce an error-prone process, perhaps a modification of the proof-reading system, that allows bacteria to survive after potentially lethal damage at the expense of making errors. Some mutagens, notably monofunctional alkylating agents and base analogues, produce mutations by other processes. Even in these cases, repair processes play an important role. There is some evidence that error-free as well as error-prone repair processes can be induced. A brief discussion is given of the relation of these findings to the practical problems of hazards estimations.
本文讨论了各种细菌物种中不同过程与辐射和化学物质诱导突变之间的关系。在分子水平上已鉴定出多种修复过程，这些过程可以在许多潜在的诱变损伤转化为最终突变之前将其消除。固定通常但并非总是发生在复制过程中。许多诱变剂，包括紫外线、电离辐射和一些化学物质，会诱导一个易出错的过程，可能是对校对系统的一种修饰，这使得细菌在遭受潜在致命损伤后能够存活，但代价是会产生错误。一些诱变剂，特别是单功能烷基化剂和碱基类似物，通过其他过程产生突变。即使在这些情况下，修复过程也起着重要作用。有证据表明可以诱导无错误以及易出错的修复过程。本文简要讨论了这些发现与危害评估实际问题之间的关系。
