Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Health Promot Int. 2023 Jun 1;38(3). doi: 10.1093/heapro/daad040.
Health-related behaviours contribute to the global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular imaging can be used to screen asymptomatic individuals for increased risk of CVD to enable earlier interventions to promote health-related behaviours to prevent or reduce CVD risk. Some theories of behaviour and behaviour change assume that engagement in a given behaviour is a function of individual threat appraisals, beliefs regarding the performance of behaviour, self-efficacy for performing the desired behaviour and/or dispositions to act (e.g. behavioural intentions). To date, little is known about the impact of cardiovascular imaging interventions on these constructs. This article summarises evidence related to perceived threat, efficacy beliefs, and behavioural intentions after CVD screening. We identified 10 studies (2 RCTs and 8 non-randomised studies, n = 2498) through a combination of screening citations from published systematic reviews and meta-analyses and searching electronic databases. Of these, 7 measured behavioural intentions and perceived susceptibility and 3 measured efficacy beliefs. Findings showed largely encouraging effects of screening interventions on bolstering self-efficacy beliefs and strengthening behavioural intentions. Imaging results that suggest the presence of coronary or carotid artery disease also increased perceived susceptibility to CVD. However, the review also identified some gaps in the literature, such as a lack of guiding theoretical frameworks and assessments of critical determinants of health-related behaviours. By carefully considering the key issues highlighted in this review, we can make significant strides towards reducing CVD risks and improving population health.
健康相关行为是导致心血管疾病（CVD）全球负担的主要因素之一。心血管成像可用于对无症状个体进行 CVD 风险的筛查，以便更早地采取干预措施，促进健康相关行为，从而预防或降低 CVD 风险。一些行为和行为改变理论假设，个体是否会从事某种特定行为取决于个体对威胁的评估、对行为表现的信念、实施期望行为的自我效能感以及行为倾向（如行为意向）。迄今为止，人们对心血管成像干预措施对这些结构的影响知之甚少。本文总结了 CVD 筛查后对感知威胁、效能信念和行为意向的相关证据。我们通过对已发表的系统评价和荟萃分析的引文进行筛选，并检索电子数据库，共确定了 10 项研究（2 项 RCT 和 8 项非随机研究，n = 2498）。其中 7 项研究测量了行为意向和感知易感性，3 项研究测量了效能信念。研究结果表明，筛查干预措施在增强自我效能感和强化行为意向方面具有令人鼓舞的效果。影像学结果提示存在冠状动脉或颈动脉疾病也增加了对 CVD 的感知易感性。然而，该综述还发现了文献中的一些空白，例如缺乏指导行为的理论框架和对健康相关行为的关键决定因素的评估。通过仔细考虑本综述中强调的关键问题，我们可以在降低 CVD 风险和改善人口健康方面取得重大进展。
