Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Nat Commun. 2024 Oct 14;15(1):8126. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-52172-1.
Provision of non-invasive vascular imaging results to individuals has been shown to improve cardiovascular disease risk factor control: its impact on diet remains uncertain. In this two-arm, single-blind, parallel, 12-week randomized controlled trial, 240 participants, 57.5% females aged 60-80 y had abdominal aortic calcification and clinical assessments performed at a hospital clinic. Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive (intervention n = 121) or not (control n = 119) their calcification results. Both groups received educational resources on cardiovascular disease risk control and were unblinded to the intervention. Outcome measures were performed at baseline and 12 weeks. The primary outcomes of the study were changes in fruit and vegetable intake measures over 12 weeks assessed using plasma carotenoid concentrations (biomarkers of FV intake) and a food frequency questionnaire. Secondary outcomes included 12-week changes in other aspects of the diet, physical activity, body weight, blood pressure, heart rate, lipid profile, glucose concentrations, estimated cardiovascular disease risk score, and medication use. Between-group differences were tested using linear mixed-effects regression. There were no between-group differences in the primary outcomes at 12 weeks: plasma carotenoids (mean difference +0.03 µg/mL [95%CI -0.06, 0.13]) and fruit and vegetable intakes (+18 g/d [-37, 72]). However, the provision of calcification results led to between-group differences in serum total (-0.22 mmol/L [-0.41, -0.04]) and non-HDL (-0.19 mmol/L [-0.35, -0.03]) cholesterol, and estimated cardiovascular disease risk score (-0.24% [-0.47, -0.02]). No between-group differences were seen for other secondary outcomes. In this work, providing vascular imaging results did not improve diet but did improve some cardiovascular disease risk factors (Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618001087246).
其对饮食的影响尚不确定。在这项为期 12 周的双臂、单盲、平行、随机对照试验中，240 名年龄在 60-80 岁的女性参与者，在医院诊所进行了腹部主动脉钙化和临床评估。参与者以 1:1 的比例随机分为接受（干预组 n=121）或不接受（对照组 n=119）其钙化结果。两组均接受了心血管疾病风险控制的教育资源，并且对干预措施保持不了解。在基线和 12 周时进行了结果测量。研究的主要结局是在 12 周内通过血浆类胡萝卜素浓度（FV 摄入量的生物标志物）和食物频率问卷评估的水果和蔬菜摄入量的变化。次要结局包括 12 周内饮食的其他方面、身体活动、体重、血压、心率、血脂谱、血糖浓度、估计的心血管疾病风险评分和药物使用的变化。使用线性混合效应回归检验组间差异。在 12 周时，两组的主要结局没有差异：血浆类胡萝卜素（平均差异+0.03µg/mL [95%CI -0.06, 0.13]）和水果和蔬菜摄入量（+18g/d [-37, 72]）。然而，提供钙化结果导致组间血清总胆固醇（-0.22mmol/L [-0.41, -0.04]）和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（-0.19mmol/L [-0.35, -0.03]）以及估计的心血管疾病风险评分（-0.24% [-0.47, -0.02]）的差异。其他次要结局未见组间差异。在这项工作中，提供血管成像结果并未改善饮食，但确实改善了一些心血管疾病风险因素（澳大利亚和新西兰临床试验注册 ACTRN12618001087246）。
