State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Jun 21;15(24):29457-29467. doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c05198. Epub 2023 Jun 7.
Although the emerging interfacial solar steam generation technology is sustainable and eco-friendly for generating clean water by desalinating seawater and purifying wastewaters, salt deposition on the evaporation surface during solar-driven evaporation severely degrades the purification performances and adversely affect the long-term performance stability of solar steam generation devices. Herein, to construct solar steam generators for efficient solar steam generation and seawater desalination, three-dimensional (3D) natural loofah sponges with both macropores of the sponge and microchannels of the loofah fibers are hydrothermally decorated with molybdenum disulfide (MoS) sheets and carbon particles. Benefiting from fast upward transport of water, rapid steam extraction, and effective salt-resistant capacity, the 3D hydrothermally decorated loofah sponge with MoS sheets and carbon particles (HLMC) with an exposed height of 4 cm can not only obtain heat by its top surface under the downward solar light irradiation based on the solar-thermal energy conversion but also gain environmental energy by its porous sidewall surface, achieving a competitive water evaporation rate of 3.45 kg m h under 1 sun irradiation. Additionally, the 3D HLMC evaporator exhibits long-term desalination stability during the solar-driven desalination of an aqueous salt solution with 3.5 wt % NaCl for 120 h without apparent salt deposition because of its dual type of pores and uneven structure distribution.
虽然新兴的界面太阳能蒸汽产生技术通过淡化海水和净化废水来产生清洁水是可持续且环保的，但在太阳能驱动的蒸发过程中，蒸发表面上的盐沉积会严重降低净化性能，并对太阳能蒸汽产生装置的长期性能稳定性产生不利影响。在此，为了构建用于高效太阳能蒸汽产生和海水淡化的太阳能蒸汽发生器，采用水热法在具有海绵大孔和丝瓜络纤维微通道的三维（3D）天然丝瓜络上装饰二硫化钼（MoS）片和碳颗粒。受益于快速向上传输的水、快速蒸汽提取和有效的耐盐能力，具有 4 厘米暴露高度的 MoS 片和碳颗粒（HLMC）3D 水热装饰丝瓜络（HLMC）不仅可以在向下的太阳光照射下通过其顶面获得热量，还可以通过多孔侧壁表面获得环境能量，在 1 个太阳照射下实现 3.45 kg m h 的竞争水蒸发率。此外，在 3.5 wt%NaCl 水溶液的太阳能驱动脱盐过程中，3D HLMC 蒸发器经过 120 小时的运行，表现出长期的脱盐稳定性，没有明显的盐沉积，这是由于其具有双重类型的孔隙和不均匀的结构分布。
