Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Fredry 10, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Heliodor Święcicki Hospital, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland.
J Control Release. 2023 Jul;359:207-223. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.05.042. Epub 2023 Jun 8.
Scaffolds are implants commonly used to deliver cells, drugs, and genes into the body. Their regular porous structure ensures the proper support for cell attachment, proliferation, differentiated function, and migration. Techniques to fabricate a scaffold include leaching, freeze-drying, supercritical fluid technology, thermally induced phase separation, rapid prototyping, powder compaction, sol-gel, and melt molding. Gene delivery from the scaffold represents a versatile approach to influence the environment for managing cell function. Scaffolds can be used for various tissue engineering purposes, e.g. bone formation, periodontal regeneration, cartilage development, artificial corneas, heart valves, tendon repair, or ligament replacement. Moreover, they are also instrumental in cancer therapy, inflammation, diabetes, heart disease, and wound dressings. Scaffolds provide a platform to extend the delivery of drugs and genetic materials at a controlled timeframe, besides potentially being used to prevent infection upon surgery and other chronic diseases, provided that they can be formulated with specific medicines. This review discusses the need to design advanced functional scaffolds with the potential for modified drug delivery and tissue engineering in a synergistic approach. Special attention is given to works published in 2023 to generate the bibliometric map.
支架是一种常用于将细胞、药物和基因递送到体内的植入物。它们规则的多孔结构确保了对细胞附着、增殖、分化功能和迁移的适当支持。制造支架的技术包括浸出、冷冻干燥、超临界流体技术、热致相分离、快速原型制作、粉末压实、溶胶-凝胶和熔融成型。支架的基因传递代表了一种影响细胞功能管理环境的多功能方法。支架可用于各种组织工程目的，例如骨形成、牙周再生、软骨发育、人工角膜、心脏瓣膜、肌腱修复或韧带置换。此外，它们在癌症治疗、炎症、糖尿病、心脏病和伤口敷料中也有应用。支架提供了一个平台，可在控制的时间内延长药物和遗传物质的递送，此外，它们还有可能在手术后和其他慢性疾病中被用于预防感染，只要它们可以用特定的药物进行配方。本综述讨论了需要设计具有潜在的改良药物递送和组织工程功能的先进支架，以协同方式进行。特别关注了 2023 年发表的作品，以生成文献计量图谱。
