School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.
HERD. 2023 Oct;16(4):172-186. doi: 10.1177/19375867231178313. Epub 2023 Jun 7.
To explore if aspects of the physical home environment are related to rehabilitation outcomes among community-living persons poststroke.
Research demonstrates that healthcare environments are important for high-quality care and that the design of the physical environment is associated with improved rehabilitation outcomes. However, relevant research focusing on outpatient care settings, such as the home, is sparse.
In this cross-sectional study, data on rehabilitation outcomes, physical environmental barriers, and housing accessibility problems were collected during home visits of participants ( = 34), 3 months poststroke. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.
Few participants had adapted their homes, and the relevance of the physical environment was not always discussed with the patient during discharge from the hospital. Accessibility problems were associated with suboptimal rehabilitation outcomes such as worse perceived health and recovery after stroke. Activities most restricted by barriers in the home concerned hand and arm use. Participants who reported one or more falls at home tended to live in houses with more accessibility problems. Perceived supportive home environments were associated with more accessible dwellings.
Many face problems adapting their home environments poststroke, and our findings highlight unmet needs that should be considered in the rehabilitation practice. These findings could be used by architectural planners and health practitioners for more effective housing planning and inclusive environments.
探讨物理居家环境的各个方面是否与社区居住的脑卒中患者的康复结果有关。
研究表明，医疗保健环境对高质量的护理很重要，而且物理环境的设计与康复结果的改善有关。然而，针对门诊护理环境（如家庭）的相关研究却很少。
在这项横断面研究中，在脑卒中后 3 个月对参与者（n=34）进行家庭访问时，收集了康复结果、物理环境障碍和住房无障碍问题的数据。使用描述性统计和相关分析对数据进行分析。
很少有参与者对自己的家进行了改造，而且在出院时，物理环境的相关性并不总是与患者讨论。无障碍问题与康复结果不理想有关，如脑卒中后健康状况和恢复更差。家中障碍最限制的活动是手和手臂的使用。报告在家中跌倒一次或多次的参与者往往住在无障碍问题更多的房子里。感知到的支持性家庭环境与更便于出入的住所有关。
许多人在脑卒中后在适应家庭环境方面存在问题，我们的研究结果突出了未满足的需求，这些需求应该在康复实践中得到考虑。这些发现可以为建筑规划师和健康从业者提供更多有效的住房规划和包容性环境。
