You Yanling, Tang Zhongmin, Lin Han, Shi Jianlin
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
Center for Nanomedicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Biophys Rep. 2021 Jun 30;7(3):159-172. doi: 10.52601/bpr.2021.210011.
Nanomaterials-based artificial enzymes (nanozymes) with valuable enzyme-like catalytic properties have been booming during the past few years. Promoted by the advances in biological medicine and nanotechnology, nanozymes possess the potential to serve as an emerging agent for biosensing, immunoassays, detection and diagnosis, catalytic therapeutics, and other applications in the biomedicine field. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are of considerable interest in biomedical applications due to their ultrathin layered structure and unique physiochemical properties. Inspired by the diversified catalytic performance of 2D nanomaterials, scientists extensively have developed 2D materials as bioactive nanozymes for theranostic nanomedicine. Here, recent advances in enzyme-like 2D nanomaterials design and construction are comprehensively presented. Additionally, we exhibit that, with the synergistic effect of catalytic activities and desirable physicochemical performances, 2D nanozymes can serve as versatile platforms with extensive applications from target detection to theranostic. It is believed that such promising alternatives towards natural enzymes will be of vital significance in the field of nanotechnology and biomedicine.
在过去几年中，具有宝贵类酶催化特性的基于纳米材料的人工酶（纳米酶）蓬勃发展。在生物医药和纳米技术进步的推动下，纳米酶有潜力成为生物传感、免疫分析、检测与诊断、催化治疗以及生物医药领域其他应用的新兴试剂。二维（2D）纳米材料因其超薄层状结构和独特的物理化学性质，在生物医学应用中备受关注。受二维纳米材料多样催化性能的启发，科学家们广泛开发二维材料作为用于治疗诊断纳米医学的生物活性纳米酶。在此，全面介绍了类酶二维纳米材料设计与构建的最新进展。此外，我们展示了，凭借催化活性和理想物理化学性能的协同效应，二维纳米酶可作为从目标检测到治疗诊断具有广泛应用的多功能平台。相信这种对天然酶有前景的替代物在纳米技术和生物医药领域将具有至关重要的意义。
