Smith Douglas C, Begum Shahana, Carrington Allison A, Campbell Corey C, Taylor Shaneil E, Reinhart Crystal A, Swartz James A
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, School of Social Work.
University of Illinois Chicago.
Cannabis. 2022 Nov 21;5(3):36-46. doi: 10.26828/cannabis/2022.03.004. eCollection 2022.
In the United States, 19 states permit recreational use of cannabis, with 16 more permitting medical use (Marijuana Policy Project, 2021). Concerns remain about whether liberalized policies result in increased adolescent cannabis use. To date, limited evidence exists that the statewide prevalence of adolescent cannabis use increased in states with liberalized policies. However, analyses at local levels show some negative impacts. Thus, we analyzed if living in a ZIP code with a dispensary (ZCWD) was associated with adolescent cannabis use.
Dispensary ZIP codes from public records were matched to self- reported ZIP codes on the Illinois Youth Survey (IYS). We compared past 30-day and past-year cannabis use among youth living in a ZCWD and not living in a ZCWD.
About one in eight adolescents (12.8%, n = 1,348) in the weighted sample (n=10,569) resided in a ZCWD. Overall, past 30-day use was lower among youth who lived in ZIP codes with dispensaries (OR = .69, < .05), with variation by grade. For example, only 10 (OR = .62, < .05) and 12 graders (OR = .59, < .05) living in a ZCWD had lower odds of past 30-day cannabis use. Additionally, only 12 graders in a ZCWD had lower odds of past-year use (OR = .70, < .05). Finally, suburban youth living in a ZCWD also had lower odds of cannabis use (OR = .54, < .01).
CONCLUSION/DISCUSSION: Cannabis use was significantly lower among 10 and 12 graders living in a ZCWD. Additional research should continue to monitor evolving state policies and whether they are associated with adolescent cannabis use.
在美国，19个州允许娱乐性使用大麻，另有16个州允许医疗用途（大麻政策项目，2021年）。对于宽松政策是否会导致青少年大麻使用增加，人们仍存在担忧。迄今为止，仅有有限的证据表明，在政策宽松的州，青少年大麻使用的全州患病率有所上升。然而，地方层面的分析显示了一些负面影响。因此，我们分析了居住在设有药房的邮政编码区域（ZCWD）是否与青少年大麻使用有关。
从公共记录中获取的药房邮政编码与伊利诺伊州青少年调查（IYS）中自我报告的邮政编码进行匹配。我们比较了居住在ZCWD和未居住在ZCWD的青少年过去30天和过去一年的大麻使用情况。
在加权样本（n = 10,569）中，约八分之一的青少年（12.8%，n = 1,348）居住在ZCWD。总体而言，居住在设有药房的邮政编码区域的青少年过去30天的大麻使用率较低（OR = 0.69，P <.05），且因年级而异。例如，居住在ZCWD的十年级（OR = 0.62，P <.05）和十二年级学生（OR = 0.59，P <.05）过去30天使用大麻的几率较低。此外，只有居住在ZCWD的十二年级学生过去一年使用大麻的几率较低（OR = 0.70，P <.05）。最后，居住在ZCWD的郊区青少年使用大麻的几率也较低（OR = 0.54，P <.01）。
结论/讨论：居住在ZCWD的十年级和十二年级学生的大麻使用率显著较低。进一步的研究应继续监测不断变化的州政策，以及这些政策是否与青少年大麻使用有关。
