University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Idaho State University College of Pharmacy, Meridian, ID, USA.
Am J Pharm Educ. 2023 May;87(5):100011. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2022.09.001. Epub 2023 Mar 15.
Vulnerable populations are those who experience disparity at a disproportionate rate. For this article, specific vulnerable populations of interest include people who experience intellectual or developmental disorders, mental illness, or substance misuse. Vulnerable populations are some of the most stigmatized populations in our society. Research shows that vulnerable populations receive less empathic care than general health care populations, resulting in reduced quality of care and disparities in health outcomes. Empathy, a necessary health care competency, is associated with improved patient outcomes, enhanced job satisfaction, and increased retention and resilience across health care professions. However, there is no current standard for how empathy is taught, assessed, or sustained. Even when empathy education is implemented in healthcare professions curricula, research has demonstrated that it appears to erode with experience and time. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated inequities in health care systems, with consequences for both patients and providers. There is an urgent need to develop efficacious training in empathy across health care professions to foster and sustain a robust workforce and improve health care experiences and outcomes.
弱势群体是指那些以不成比例的速度经历差异的人群。对于本文而言，特定的弱势群体包括患有智力或发育障碍、精神疾病或药物滥用的人群。弱势群体是我们社会中最受污名化的人群之一。研究表明，弱势群体接受的同理心关怀比一般医疗保健人群要少，导致护理质量下降，健康结果存在差异。同理心是一种必要的医疗保健能力，与改善患者结局、增强工作满意度以及提高医疗保健专业人员的保留率和韧性有关。然而，目前还没有同理心教学、评估或维持的标准。即使在医疗保健专业课程中实施同理心教育，研究也表明，随着经验和时间的推移，同理心似乎会逐渐减弱。此外，COVID-19 大流行加剧了医疗保健系统中的不平等现象，对患者和提供者都产生了影响。迫切需要在整个医疗保健领域培养同理心方面的有效培训，以培养和维持一支强大的劳动力队伍，并改善医疗保健体验和结果。
