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XIRP2 及其新型机械感受器结构域有助于修复噪声诱导的静纤毛 F-肌动蛋白核心损伤。

Repair of noise-induced damage to stereocilia F-actin cores is facilitated by XIRP2 and its novel mechanosensor domain.

机构信息

Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.

Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.

出版信息

Elife. 2023 Jun 9;12:e72681. doi: 10.7554/eLife.72681.

Abstract

Prolonged exposure to loud noise has been shown to affect inner ear sensory hair cells in a variety of deleterious manners, including damaging the stereocilia core. The damaged sites can be visualized as 'gaps' in phalloidin staining of F-actin, and the enrichment of monomeric actin at these sites, along with an actin nucleator and crosslinker, suggests that localized remodeling occurs to repair the broken filaments. Herein, we show that gaps in mouse auditory hair cells are largely repaired within 1 week of traumatic noise exposure through the incorporation of newly synthesized actin. We provide evidence that Xin actin binding repeat containing 2 (XIRP2) is required for the repair process and facilitates the enrichment of monomeric γ-actin at gaps. Recruitment of XIRP2 to stereocilia gaps and stress fiber strain sites in fibroblasts is force-dependent, mediated by a novel mechanosensor domain located in the C-terminus of XIRP2. Our study describes a novel process by which hair cells can recover from sublethal hair bundle damage and which may contribute to recovery from temporary hearing threshold shifts and the prevention of age-related hearing loss.

摘要

长期暴露在强噪声下已被证明以多种有害的方式影响内耳感觉毛细胞,包括破坏静纤毛核心。受损部位在 F-肌动蛋白的鬼笔环肽染色中可以被可视化成“缺口”,并且这些部位的单体肌动蛋白的富集,以及肌动蛋白成核因子和交联因子的富集,表明局部重塑发生以修复断裂的细丝。在此,我们表明,通过新合成的肌动蛋白,小鼠听觉毛细胞中的缺口在创伤性噪声暴露后 1 周内大部分得到修复。我们提供的证据表明,肌动蛋白结合重复蛋白 2(XIRP2)对于修复过程是必需的,并促进单体γ-肌动蛋白在缺口处的富集。XIRP2 在成纤维细胞中的静纤毛间隙和应激纤维应变部位的募集是力依赖性的,由位于 XIRP2 羧基末端的新型机械感受器结构域介导。我们的研究描述了毛细胞可以从亚致死性毛束损伤中恢复的新过程,这可能有助于从暂时的听力阈移和预防与年龄相关的听力损失中恢复。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5e0d/10259482/bc4b7a7582ac/elife-72681-fig1.jpg

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