Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, Germany.
RMD Open. 2023 Jun;9(2). doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002875.
To identify facilitators and barriers towards vaccination in general and specifically against pneumococci, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in patients with rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases (RMD).
Between February and April 2021, consecutive patients with RMD were asked to complete a structured questionnaire on general knowledge about vaccination, personal attitudes and perceived facilitators and barriers towards vaccination. General facilitators (n=12) and barriers (n=15) and more specific ones for vaccination against pneumococci, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 were assessed. Likert scales had four response options: from 1 (completely disagree) to 4 (completely agree). Patient and disease characteristics, their vaccination records and attitudes towards vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 were assessed.
441 patients responded to the questionnaire. Knowledge about vaccination was decent in ≥70% of patients, but <10% of patients doubted its effectiveness. Statements on facilitators were generally more favourable than on barriers. Facilitators for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were not different from vaccination in general. Societal and organisational facilitators were more often named than interpersonal or intrapersonal facilitators. Most patients indicated that recommendations of their healthcare professional would encourage them to be vaccinated-without preference for general practitioner or rheumatologists. There were more barriers towards SARS-CoV-2 vaccination than to vaccination in general. Intrapersonal issues were most frequently reported as a barrier. Statistically significant differences in response patterns to nearly all barriers between patients classified as definitely willing, probably willing and unwilling to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were noted.
Facilitators towards vaccination were more important than barriers. Most barriers against vaccination were intrapersonal issues. Societal facilitators identified support strategies in that direction.
为了确定风湿性肌肉骨骼疾病（RMD）患者接种疫苗的一般障碍和具体针对肺炎球菌、流感和 SARS-CoV-2 的障碍。
在 2021 年 2 月至 4 月期间，连续询问 RMD 患者是否愿意填写一份关于疫苗接种一般知识、个人态度以及对疫苗接种的看法的结构化问卷。评估了一般促进因素（n=12）和障碍（n=15）以及针对肺炎球菌、流感和 SARS-CoV-2 的更具体的疫苗接种障碍。李克特量表有四个回答选项：1（完全不同意）到 4（完全同意）。评估了患者和疾病特征、他们的疫苗接种记录以及对 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种的态度。
441 名患者对问卷做出了回应。≥70%的患者对疫苗接种知识有一定的了解，但不到 10%的患者对其有效性表示怀疑。关于促进因素的陈述通常比关于障碍的陈述更有利。SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种的促进因素与一般疫苗接种没有区别。社会和组织促进因素比人际或内在促进因素更常被提及。大多数患者表示，如果他们的医疗保健专业人员推荐接种疫苗，他们会更有信心接种疫苗，而不论他们是全科医生还是风湿病学家。与一般疫苗接种相比，SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种的障碍更多。内在问题是最常被报道的障碍。对几乎所有障碍的反应模式在被归类为肯定愿意、可能愿意和不愿意接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的患者之间存在统计学显著差异。
促进接种的因素比障碍更重要。大多数疫苗接种障碍都是内在问题。识别出的社会促进因素支持这方面的策略。
