噬菌体的特征和多样性。

Characterization and Diversity of Prophages.

机构信息

Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology & State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2023 May 23;24(11):9116. doi: 10.3390/ijms24119116.

Abstract

is a common human commensal and opportunistic pathogen. In recent years, the clinical isolation and resistance rates of have shown a yearly increase, leading to a special interest in mobile genetic elements. Prophages are a representative class of mobile genetic elements that can carry host-friendly genes, transfer horizontally between strains, and coevolve with the host's genome. In this study, we identified 15,946 prophages from the genomes of 1437 fully assembled deposited in the NCBI database, with 9755 prophages on chromosomes and 6191 prophages on plasmids. We found prophages to be notably diverse and widely disseminated in the genomes. The prophages encoded multiple putative virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes. The comparison of strain types with prophage types suggests that the two may be related. The differences in GC content between the same type of prophages and the genomic region in which they were located indicates the alien properties of the prophages. The overall distribution of GC content suggests that prophages integrated on chromosomes and plasmids may have different evolutionary characteristics. These results suggest a high prevalence of prophages in the genome and highlight the effect of prophages on strain characterization.

摘要

是一种常见的人类共生菌和机会性病原体。近年来,的临床分离株和耐药率呈逐年上升趋势,这使得人们对移动遗传元件特别感兴趣。噬菌体是移动遗传元件的一个代表性类别,它们可以携带宿主友好的基因,在菌株之间水平转移,并与宿主的基因组共同进化。在本研究中,我们从 NCBI 数据库中 1437 个完全组装的 基因组中鉴定出 15946 个噬菌体,其中 9755 个噬菌体位于染色体上,6191 个噬菌体位于质粒上。我们发现噬菌体在 基因组中具有显著的多样性和广泛的分布。噬菌体编码了多种潜在的毒力因子和抗生素耐药基因。菌株类型与噬菌体类型的比较表明,两者可能存在关联。相同类型的噬菌体与它们所在的基因组区域之间的 GC 含量差异表明噬菌体具有外来特性。GC 含量的总体分布表明,位于染色体和质粒上的噬菌体可能具有不同的进化特征。这些结果表明 基因组中噬菌体的高流行率,并强调了噬菌体对菌株特征的影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f59a/10252525/c3bb7af749f0/ijms-24-09116-g001.jpg

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