Claisse Olivier, Chaïb Amel, Jaomanjaka Fety, Philippe Cécile, Barchi Yasma, Lucas Patrick M, Le Marrec Claire
Unité de Recherche Œnologie, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Bordeaux, France.
Microorganisms. 2021 Apr 16;9(4):856. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9040856.
is the most exploited lactic acid bacterium in the wine industry and drives the malolactic fermentation of wines. Although prophage-like sequences have been identified in the species, many are not characterized, and a global view of their integration and distribution amongst strains is currently lacking. In this work, we analyzed the complete genomes of 231 strains for the occurrence of prophages, and analyzed their size and positions of insertion. Our data show the limited variation in the number of prophages in genomes, and that six sites of insertion within the bacterial genome are being used for site-specific recombination. Prophage diversity patterns varied significantly for different host lineages, and environmental niches. Overall, the findings highlight the pervasive presence of prophages in the species, their role as a major source of within-species bacterial diversity and drivers of horizontal gene transfer. Our data also have implications for enhanced understanding of the prophage recombination events which occurred during evolution of , as well as the potential of prophages in influencing the fitness of these bacteria in their distinct niches.
是葡萄酒工业中应用最广泛的乳酸菌，可推动葡萄酒的苹果酸-乳酸发酵。尽管在该物种中已鉴定出类似前噬菌体的序列，但许多尚未得到表征，目前缺乏对它们在菌株间整合和分布的全局认识。在这项工作中，我们分析了231株菌株的完整基因组中前噬菌体的出现情况，并分析了它们的大小和插入位置。我们的数据显示，基因组中前噬菌体数量的变化有限，并且细菌基因组内的六个插入位点被用于位点特异性重组。不同宿主谱系和环境生态位的前噬菌体多样性模式差异显著。总体而言，这些发现突出了前噬菌体在该物种中的普遍存在、它们作为物种内细菌多样性的主要来源以及水平基因转移驱动因素的作用。我们的数据对于增强对在该物种进化过程中发生的前噬菌体重组事件的理解，以及前噬菌体在影响这些细菌在其独特生态位中的适应性方面的潜力也具有重要意义。
