Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education, and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 May 26;24(11):9293. doi: 10.3390/ijms24119293.
The term "liver disease" refers to any hepatic condition that leads to tissue damage or altered hepatic function and can be induced by virus infections, autoimmunity, inherited genetic mutations, high consumption of alcohol or drugs, fat accumulation, and cancer. Some types of liver diseases are becoming more frequent worldwide. This can be related to increasing rates of obesity in developed countries, diet changes, higher alcohol intake, and even the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with increased liver disease-related deaths. Although the liver can regenerate, in cases of chronic damage or extensive fibrosis, the recovery of tissue mass is impossible, and a liver transplant is indicated. Because of reduced organ availability, it is necessary to search for alternative bioengineered solutions aiming for a cure or increased life expectancy while a transplant is not possible. Therefore, several groups were studying the possibility of stem cells transplantation as a therapeutic alternative since it is a promising strategy in regenerative medicine for treating various diseases. At the same time, nanotechnological advances can contribute to specifically targeting transplanted cells to injured sites using magnetic nanoparticles. In this review, we summarize multiple magnetic nanostructure-based strategies that are promising for treating liver diseases.
“肝病”是指任何导致肝脏组织损伤或功能改变的肝脏疾病，可由病毒感染、自身免疫、遗传基因突变、大量饮酒或药物摄入、脂肪堆积和癌症等引起。一些类型的肝病在全球范围内变得越来越常见。这可能与发达国家肥胖率的上升、饮食变化、饮酒量增加有关，甚至 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行也与肝病相关死亡率的增加有关。尽管肝脏具有再生能力，但在慢性损伤或广泛纤维化的情况下，组织质量的恢复是不可能的，需要进行肝移植。由于器官可用性降低，有必要寻找替代的生物工程解决方案，以实现治愈或延长寿命，而在无法进行移植的情况下。因此，一些研究小组一直在研究干细胞移植作为一种治疗选择的可能性，因为它是再生医学中治疗各种疾病的一种有前途的策略。同时，纳米技术的进步可以有助于使用磁性纳米粒子将移植细胞特异性靶向到受损部位。在这篇综述中，我们总结了多种基于磁性纳米结构的策略，这些策略有望用于治疗肝脏疾病。
