Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBERONC, 28220 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 May 26;24(11):9343. doi: 10.3390/ijms24119343.
Tumor growth depends on the vascular system, either through the expansion of blood vessels or novel adaptation by tumor cells. One of these novel pathways is vasculogenic mimicry (VM), which is defined as a tumor-provided vascular system apart from endothelial cell-lined vessels, and its origin is partly unknown. It involves highly aggressive tumor cells expressing endothelial cell markers that line the tumor irrigation. VM has been correlated with high tumor grade, cancer cell invasion, cancer cell metastasis, and reduced survival of cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the most relevant studies in the field of angiogenesis and cover the various aspects and functionality of aberrant angiogenesis by tumor cells. We also discuss the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in the abnormal presence of VE-cadherin (CDH5) and its role in VM formation. Finally, we present the implications for the paradigm of tumor angiogenesis and how targeted therapy and individualized studies can be applied in scientific analysis and clinical settings.
肿瘤的生长依赖于脉管系统，其方式可以是血管扩张，也可以是肿瘤细胞的新适应。其中一种新的途径是血管生成拟态（VM），它被定义为肿瘤提供的血管系统，与内皮细胞衬里的血管不同，其起源部分未知。它涉及表达内皮细胞标志物的高度侵袭性肿瘤细胞，这些标志物排列在肿瘤的灌溉区域。VM 与高肿瘤分级、癌细胞浸润、癌细胞转移和癌症患者生存率降低有关。在这篇综述中，我们总结了血管生成领域的最相关研究，并涵盖了肿瘤细胞异常血管生成的各个方面和功能。我们还讨论了涉及异常 VE-钙粘蛋白（CDH5）存在的细胞内信号机制及其在 VM 形成中的作用。最后，我们提出了对肿瘤血管生成范例的影响，以及如何在科学分析和临床环境中应用靶向治疗和个体化研究。
