Afzal Muhammad Rahil, Naz Misbah, Wan Justin, Dai Zhicong, Ullah Raza, Rehman Shafiq Ur, Du Daolin
Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan.
Plants (Basel). 2023 May 24;12(11):2084. doi: 10.3390/plants12112084.
Invasive plant species possess remarkable abilities to establish themselves in new environments and to displace native species. Their success can be attributed to various physiological and biochemical mechanisms, allowing them to tolerate adverse environmental conditions, including high lead (Pb) toxicity. Comprehension of the mechanisms responsible for Pb tolerance in invasive plants is still limited, but it is rapidly evolving. Researchers have identified several strategies in invasive plants to tolerate high levels of Pb. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the ability of invasive species to tolerate or even accumulate Pb in plant tissues, including vacuoles and cell walls, as well as how rhizosphere biota (bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi) help them to enhance Pb tolerance in polluted soils. Furthermore, the article highlights the physiological and molecular mechanisms regulating plant responses to Pb stress. The potential applications of these mechanisms in developing strategies for remediating Pb-contaminated soils are also discussed. Specifically, this review article provides a comprehensive understanding of the current status of research on the mechanisms involved in Pb tolerance in invasive plants. The information presented in this article may be useful in developing effective strategies for managing Pb-contaminated soils, as well as for developing more resilient crops in the face of environmental stressors.
入侵植物物种具有在新环境中立足并取代本地物种的非凡能力。它们的成功归因于各种生理和生化机制，使它们能够耐受不利的环境条件，包括高铅（Pb）毒性。对入侵植物中铅耐受性的相关机制的理解仍然有限，但正在迅速发展。研究人员已经确定了入侵植物耐受高浓度铅的几种策略。本综述概述了目前对入侵物种在植物组织（包括液泡和细胞壁）中耐受甚至积累铅的能力的理解，以及根际生物群（细菌和菌根真菌）如何帮助它们在污染土壤中增强铅耐受性。此外，本文强调了调节植物对铅胁迫反应的生理和分子机制。还讨论了这些机制在制定修复铅污染土壤策略中的潜在应用。具体而言，这篇综述文章全面介绍了入侵植物中铅耐受性相关机制的研究现状。本文提供的信息可能有助于制定管理铅污染土壤的有效策略，以及在面对环境压力时培育更具韧性的作物。
