Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan.
Center for Innovation Policy, Graduate School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, 3-25-10 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi 210-0821, Kanagawa, Japan.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 1;15(11):2602. doi: 10.3390/nu15112602.
Intake of fiber, as well as protein, and lipid preloading help to control postprandial glycemic elevation in people with type 2 diabetes and in healthy individuals. However, there are few studies on the awareness of meal sequence and nutrient intake status that consider oral conditions. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the effects of meal sequences on nutrient intake status and whether these relationships were related to the number of teeth present. The subjects were recruited from the Medical and Dental Collaboration Center of Kanagawa Dental University Hospital between 2018 and 2021. Medical and dental examinations were performed, and a questionnaire was used to determine whether the diet consisted of vegetables, meat or fish, and carbohydrates in that order. Nutrient intake status was assessed using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Data were collected from 238 participants. The group with awareness of meal sequence ingested increased nutrients such as n-3 fatty acids, total dietary fiber, calcium, and vitamin C. Saturated fatty acid intake increased in those with fewer teeth, while it was not significantly related to meal sequence. In conclusion, our results showed that meal sequence was associated with nutrient intake status. In addition, the intake of saturated fatty acids increased when many teeth were lost, regardless of meal sequence.
膳食纤维、蛋白质和脂质的摄入有助于控制 2 型糖尿病患者和健康人群的餐后血糖升高。然而，很少有研究关注考虑口腔状况的膳食顺序和营养素摄入状况的意识。本横断面研究旨在确定膳食顺序对营养素摄入状况的影响，以及这些关系是否与存在的牙齿数量有关。该研究于 2018 年至 2021 年期间在神户齿科大学医院医学和牙科合作中心招募了研究对象。进行了医学和牙科检查，并使用问卷确定饮食是否按蔬菜、肉或鱼和碳水化合物的顺序进行。使用简短型自我管理饮食史问卷评估营养素摄入状况。共收集了 238 名参与者的数据。有膳食顺序意识的组摄入了更多的营养物质，如 n-3 脂肪酸、总膳食纤维、钙和维生素 C。牙齿较少的人摄入的饱和脂肪酸增加，而与膳食顺序无关。总之，我们的结果表明膳食顺序与营养素摄入状况有关。此外，无论膳食顺序如何，当大量牙齿缺失时，饱和脂肪酸的摄入量都会增加。
