膳食宏量营养素摄入与 BMI 对管腔使用者呼出气二氧化碳的影响：回顾性真实世界研究。

The Association of Macronutrient Consumption and BMI to Exhaled Carbon Dioxide in Lumen Users: Retrospective Real-World Study.

机构信息

Metaflow Ltd, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

出版信息

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2024 Apr 1;12:e56083. doi: 10.2196/56083.

DOI:10.2196/56083

PMID:38439744

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11019421/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Metabolic flexibility is the ability of the body to rapidly switch between fuel sources based on their accessibility and metabolic requirements. High metabolic flexibility is associated with improved health outcomes and a reduced risk of several metabolic disorders. Metabolic flexibility can be improved through lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity and eating a balanced macronutrient diet. Lumen is a small handheld device that measures metabolic fuel usage through exhaled carbon dioxide (CO), which allows individuals to monitor their metabolic flexibility and make lifestyle changes to enhance it.

OBJECTIVE

This retrospective study aims to examine the postprandial CO response to meals logged by Lumen users and its relationship with macronutrient intake and BMI.

METHODS

We analyzed deidentified data from 2607 Lumen users who logged their meals and measured their exhaled CO before and after those meals between May 1, 2023, and October 18, 2023. A linear mixed model was fitted to test the association between macronutrient consumption, BMI, age, and gender to the postprandial CO response, followed by a 2-way ANOVA.

RESULTS

The model demonstrated significant associations (P<.001) between CO response after meals and both BMI and carbohydrate intake (BMI: β=-0.112, 95% CI -0.156 to -0.069; carbohydrates: β=0.046, 95% CI 0.034-0.058). In addition, a 2-way ANOVA revealed that higher carbohydrate intake resulted in a higher CO response compared to low carbohydrate intake (F=24.23; P<.001), and users with high BMI showed modest responses to meals compared with low BMI (F=5.88; P=.003).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we show that Lumen's CO response is influenced both by macronutrient consumption and BMI. The results of this study highlight a distinct pattern of reduced metabolic flexibility in users with obesity, indicating the value of Lumen for assessing postprandial metabolic flexibility.

摘要

背景

代谢灵活性是身体根据燃料的可及性和代谢需求快速切换燃料来源的能力。高代谢灵活性与改善健康结果和降低几种代谢紊乱的风险有关。代谢灵活性可以通过生活方式的改变来提高，例如增加身体活动和摄入均衡的宏量营养素饮食。Lumen 是一种小型手持设备，通过呼出的二氧化碳 (CO) 测量代谢燃料的使用情况，使个人能够监测自己的代谢灵活性，并通过改变生活方式来增强代谢灵活性。

目的

本回顾性研究旨在检查 Lumen 用户记录的餐后 CO 反应及其与宏量营养素摄入和 BMI 的关系。

方法

我们分析了 2023 年 5 月 1 日至 2023 年 10 月 18 日期间，2607 名 Lumen 用户记录的膳食和测量的呼出 CO，在这些膳食前后的数据。使用线性混合模型检验宏量营养素消耗、BMI、年龄和性别与餐后 CO 反应之间的关联，然后进行双向方差分析。

结果

该模型显示，餐后 CO 反应与 BMI 和碳水化合物摄入均存在显著关联（P<.001）（BMI：β=-0.112，95%CI -0.156 至 -0.069；碳水化合物：β=0.046，95%CI 0.034-0.058）。此外，双向方差分析显示，与低碳水化合物摄入相比，高碳水化合物摄入导致 CO 反应更高（F=24.23；P<.001），并且与低 BMI 相比，BMI 较高的用户对膳食的反应较为温和（F=5.88；P=.003）。