巴林基层医疗中心2型糖尿病患者肥胖的患病率及特征：一项横断面研究。
Prevalence and characteristics of obesity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in primary care centers in Bahrain: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Alawainati Mahmood A, Ayoob Zahra A, AlQari Aala A, Makhlooq Fatema, Naser Huda S, Bukamal Fajer
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, Primary Healthcare Centers, Manama, Bahrain.
出版信息
J Family Community Med. 2023 Apr-Jun;30(2):109-115. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_9_23. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
BACKGROUND
Obesity is a complex health problem characterized by abnormal and excessive body weight. Globally, the epidemic of obesity is escalating, and today, around one-third of the world's adult population is overweight or obese. Obesity is a risk factor and a predictor of poor outcomes of diabetes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of obesity in adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was conducted at five primary care centers in Bahrain. Obesity was assessed using body mass index, while glycemic control status was assessed using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Means and standard deviation were computed for continuous variables, while categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. Student's t-test and Mann-WhitneyU test, as appropriate, were performed to determine statistical significance between two continuous variables. Chi-square or Fisher's Exact test were used to test for statistical significance for categorical variables.
RESULTS
A total of 732 participants were included; the mean age was 58.4 ± 11.3 years. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity (63.5%), followed by hyperlipidemia (51.9%). Most participants (59.8%) had HbA1c levels of more than 7%, 20.9% had HbA1c levels between 7% and 8%, and 38.9% had HbA1c levels of more than 8%. Of the cohort, 47.5% were obese and 35.0% were overweight. Obesity was significantly higher in Bahraini patients and females ( < 0.001). Lower obesity rates were observed among patients who exercised regularly ( < 0.001) and patients who followed diet control measures ( = 0.039). In addition, we found higher obesity rates were found in patients with uncontrolled diabetes ( = 0.004), hypertension ( = 0.032), and hyperlipidemia ( = 0.048).
CONCLUSION
Obesity is prevalent among type-2 diabetic patients and is associated with poor glycemic outcomes. Thus, more efforts should be taken by physicians to address obesity in diabetic patients as it negatively impacts their glycemic control.
背景
肥胖是一个复杂的健康问题，其特征是体重异常和超重。在全球范围内，肥胖流行正在加剧，如今，全球约三分之一的成年人口超重或肥胖。肥胖是糖尿病不良预后的一个危险因素和预测指标。本研究旨在确定2型糖尿病成年患者中肥胖的患病率和特征。
材料与方法
本研究在巴林的五个初级保健中心进行。使用体重指数评估肥胖情况，同时使用糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）评估血糖控制状况。所有参与者均获得了知情同意。对连续变量计算均值和标准差，分类变量则以频率和百分比表示。根据情况进行学生t检验和曼-惠特尼U检验，以确定两个连续变量之间的统计学显著性。使用卡方检验或费舍尔精确检验来检验分类变量的统计学显著性。
结果
共纳入732名参与者；平均年龄为58.4±11.3岁。高血压是最常见的合并症（63.5%），其次是高脂血症（51.9%）。大多数参与者（59.8%）的HbA1c水平超过7%，20.9%的参与者HbA1c水平在7%至8%之间，38.9%的参与者HbA1c水平超过8%。在该队列中，47.5%为肥胖，35.0%为超重。巴林患者和女性的肥胖率显著更高（<0.001）。在经常锻炼的患者（<0.001）和采取饮食控制措施的患者中观察到较低的肥胖率（=0.039）。此外，我们发现糖尿病未得到控制的患者（=0.004）、高血压患者（=0.032）和高脂血症患者（=0.048）的肥胖率更高。
结论
肥胖在2型糖尿病患者中普遍存在，并且与不良血糖结局相关。因此，医生应付出更多努力来解决糖尿病患者的肥胖问题，因为这会对他们的血糖控制产生负面影响。
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