Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 May 26;11:1167167. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1167167. eCollection 2023.
The objective of this study was to investigate the potential association between dietary fiber intakes and the prevalence of chronic inflammatory airway diseases (CIAD), as well as mortality in participants with CIAD.
Data was collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2018, with dietary fiber intakes being calculated as the average of two 24-h dietary reviews and divided into four groups. CIAD included self-reported asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Through December 31, 2019, mortality was identified from the National Death Index. In cross-sectional studies, multiple logistic regressions were used to assess dietary fiber intakes associated with the prevalence of total and specific CIAD. Dose-response relationships were tested using restricted cubic spline regression. In prospective cohort studies, cumulative survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log-rank tests. Multiple COX regressions were used to assess dietary fiber intakes associated with mortality in participants with CIAD.
A total of 12,276 adults were included in this analysis. The participants had a mean age of 50.70 ± 17.4 years and was 47.2% male. The prevalence of CIAD, asthma, chronic bronchitis, and COPD were 20.1, 15.2, 6.3, and 4.2%, respectively. The median daily consumption of dietary fiber was 15.1 [IQR 10.5, 21.1] g. After adjusting for all confounding factors, linear and negative associations were observed between dietary fiber intakes and the prevalence of total CIAD (OR = 0.68 [0.58-0.80]), asthma (OR = 0.71 [0.60-0.85]), chronic bronchitis (OR = 0.57 [0.43-0.74]) and COPD (OR = 0.51 [0.34-0.74]). In addition, the fourth quartile of dietary fiber intake levels remained significantly associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.47 [0.26-0.83]) compared to the first quartile.
Dietary fiber intakes were found to be correlated with the prevalence of CIAD, and higher dietary fiber intakes were associated with a reduced mortality in participants with CIAD.
本研究旨在探讨膳食纤维摄入量与慢性炎症性气道疾病（CIAD）患病率以及 CIAD 患者死亡率之间的潜在关联。
数据来自 2013-2018 年全国健康与营养调查（NHANES），膳食纤维摄入量通过两次 24 小时膳食回顾的平均值计算，并分为四组。CIAD 包括自我报告的哮喘、慢性支气管炎和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）。截至 2019 年 12 月 31 日，通过国家死亡索引确定死亡率。在横断面研究中，采用多因素逻辑回归评估膳食纤维摄入量与总 CIAD 和特定 CIAD 患病率之间的关系。采用限制立方样条回归检验剂量-反应关系。在前瞻性队列研究中，采用 Kaplan-Meier 法计算累积生存率，并通过对数秩检验进行比较。采用多因素 COX 回归评估 CIAD 患者膳食纤维摄入量与死亡率之间的关系。
共纳入 12276 名成年人进行分析。参与者的平均年龄为 50.70±17.4 岁，男性占 47.2%。CIAD、哮喘、慢性支气管炎和 COPD 的患病率分别为 20.1%、15.2%、6.3%和 4.2%。膳食纤维的日中位数摄入量为 15.1[IQR 10.5,21.1]g。调整所有混杂因素后，膳食纤维摄入量与总 CIAD（OR=0.68[0.58-0.80]）、哮喘（OR=0.71[0.60-0.85]）、慢性支气管炎（OR=0.57[0.43-0.74]）和 COPD（OR=0.51[0.34-0.74]）的患病率呈线性负相关。此外，与第一四分位相比，第四四分位的膳食纤维摄入量与全因死亡率降低显著相关（HR=0.47[0.26-0.83]）。
膳食纤维摄入量与 CIAD 患病率相关，较高的膳食纤维摄入量与 CIAD 患者的死亡率降低相关。
