Department of Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Neuropsychologia. 2023 Sep 9;188:108621. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108621. Epub 2023 Jun 13.
Individuals with psychosis spectrum disorders (PSD) have difficulty developing social relationships. This difficulty may reflect reduced response to social feedback involving functional alterations in brain regions that support the social motivation system: ventral striatum, orbital frontal cortex, insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and amygdala. Whether these alterations span PSD is unknown.
71 individuals with PSD, 27 unaffected siblings, and 37 control participants completed a team-based fMRI task. After each trial, participants received performance feedback paired with the expressive face of a teammate or opponent. A 2 × 2 (win versus loss outcome x teammate versus opponent) repeated measures ANOVA by group was performed on activation in the five key regions of interest during receipt of feedback.
Across groups, three social motivation regions, ventral striatum, orbital frontal cortex, and amygdala, showed sensitivity to feedback (significant main effect of outcome), with greater activation during win versus loss trials, regardless of whether the feedback was from a teammate or opponent. In PSD, ventral striatum and orbital frontal cortex activation to win feedback was negatively correlated with social anhedonia scores.
Patterns of neural activation during social feedback were similar in PSD, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls. Across the psychosis spectrum, activity in key social motivation regions during social feedback was associated with individual differences in social anhedonia.
精神分裂谱系障碍（PSD）个体在发展社交关系方面存在困难。这种困难可能反映了对涉及支持社交动机系统的大脑区域（腹侧纹状体、眶额皮质、岛叶、背侧前扣带皮层和杏仁核）功能改变的社会反馈的反应能力下降。这些改变是否跨越 PSD 尚不清楚。
71 名 PSD 个体、27 名无影响的兄弟姐妹和 37 名对照参与者完成了一项基于团队的 fMRI 任务。在每次试验后，参与者会收到与队友或对手表情的表现反馈。通过对接收反馈时五个关键感兴趣区域的激活进行 2×2（胜负结果 x 队友与对手）重复测量方差分析，按组进行。
在所有组中，三个社会动机区域（腹侧纹状体、眶额皮质和杏仁核）对反馈表现出敏感性（结果有显著的主效应），在赢得比赛与输掉比赛的试验中，无论反馈来自队友还是对手，激活程度都更高。在 PSD 中，腹侧纹状体和眶额皮质对赢取反馈的激活与社交快感缺失评分呈负相关。
PSD、无影响的兄弟姐妹和健康对照组在接受社会反馈时的神经激活模式相似。在整个精神病谱中，关键社会动机区域在社会反馈期间的活动与社会快感缺失的个体差异相关。
