Kataria Neetu, Kalyani Vasantha C, Gulia Sonia, G Kaleeswari
Neurosciences Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, IND.
Medical Surgical Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, IND.
Cureus. 2023 May 15;15(5):e39065. doi: 10.7759/cureus.39065. eCollection 2023 May.
Hypertension is becoming more common worldwide, and by 2025, its incidence is predicted to rise by 32.4%. The present study aims to assess the knowledge related to hypertension and the amount of diet consumption among adults at risk of developing hypertension in both rural and urban areas of Uttarakhand.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 667 adults at risk of hypertension. The study sample included adults selected from the rural and urban communities of Uttarakhand. A semi-structured questionnaire on knowledge regarding hypertension and self-reported amount of diet consumption was used as a tool for data collection.
The mean age of participants in this study was 51.46 ± 1.44 years, and the majority of the participants had poor knowledge regarding hypertension as a disease and its consequences as well as preventive measures. The mean days for consumption of fruits were three days, four days for green vegetables, two days for eggs, and two days for a well-balanced diet, and the mean ± SD of a non-vegetarian diet consumption was 128 ± 182 gm. Another highlighted significant mean difference was found between knowledge of raised blood pressure with the amount of consumption of fruits, green leafy vegetables, a non-vegetarian diet, and a well-balanced diet.
In the present study, knowledge of blood pressure and raised blood pressure with its related factors was poor among all participants. The average consumption of all types of diet was two to three days a week, which was borderline, based on recommended dietary allowances. The knowledge related to raised blood pressure and its associated factors had significant mean differences for the mean consumption of fruits, non-vegetarian diet, and well-balanced diet.
高血压在全球范围内正变得越来越普遍，预计到2025年，其发病率将上升32.4%。本研究旨在评估北阿坎德邦农村和城市地区有患高血压风险的成年人对高血压的认知情况以及饮食摄入量。
对667名有高血压风险的成年人进行了横断面调查。研究样本包括从北阿坎德邦农村和城市社区选取的成年人。一份关于高血压知识和自我报告饮食摄入量的半结构化问卷被用作数据收集工具。
本研究参与者的平均年龄为51.46±1.44岁，大多数参与者对高血压作为一种疾病及其后果以及预防措施的了解较差。水果的平均食用天数为三天，绿色蔬菜为四天，鸡蛋为两天，均衡饮食为两天，非素食饮食的平均摄入量±标准差为128±182克。另一个突出的显著平均差异是在高血压知识与水果、绿叶蔬菜、非素食饮食和均衡饮食的摄入量之间发现的。
在本研究中，所有参与者对血压和高血压及其相关因素的了解都很差。各类饮食的平均摄入量为每周两到三天，根据推荐膳食摄入量来看，这处于临界水平。与高血压及其相关因素相关的知识在水果、非素食饮食和均衡饮食的平均摄入量方面存在显著平均差异。
