Cheng Hai-Ling Margaret
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 May 31;10:1193459. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1193459. eCollection 2023.
Cell tracking by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a collection of multiple advantages over other imaging modalities, including high spatial resolution, unlimited depth penetration, 3D visualization, lack of ionizing radiation, and the potential for long-term cell monitoring. Three decades of innovation in both contrast agent chemistry and imaging physics have built an expansive array of probes and methods to track cells non-invasively across a diverse range of applications. In this review, we describe both established and emerging MRI cell tracking approaches and the variety of mechanisms available for contrast generation. Emphasis is given to the advantages, practical limitations, and persistent challenges of each approach, incorporating quantitative comparisons where possible. Toward the end of this review, we take a deeper dive into three key application areas - tracking cancer metastasis, immunotherapy for cancer, and stem cell regeneration - and discuss the cell tracking techniques most suitable to each.
通过磁共振成像（MRI）进行细胞追踪比其他成像方式具有诸多优势，包括高空间分辨率、无限深度穿透、三维可视化、无电离辐射以及长期细胞监测的潜力。在造影剂化学和成像物理学方面三十年的创新成果，构建了一系列广泛的探针和方法，可在各种不同应用中对细胞进行无创追踪。在本综述中，我们描述了既有的和新兴的MRI细胞追踪方法，以及用于产生对比的各种机制。重点阐述了每种方法的优势、实际局限性和持续存在的挑战，并尽可能进行定量比较。在本综述结尾，我们深入探讨三个关键应用领域——追踪癌症转移、癌症免疫疗法和干细胞再生——并讨论最适合每个领域的细胞追踪技术。
