University of South Carolina, Department of Exercise Science, Columbia, SC, USA.
Queens College, City University of New York, Department of Family, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2023 Dec;20(1):2224751. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2224751.
High-intensity exercise (HIE) can damage the musculotendon complex and impact the immune response, resulting in post-exercise inflammation. Sufficient rest and recovery will improve muscular resilience against future damaging bouts; however, HIE with minimal durations of rest is common in athletic competitions that facilitate persistent inflammation and immune dysregulation. Fucoidans are fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharides with demonstrated anti-inflammatory and pro-immune responses. Fucoidans may improve inflammation and immune responses, which may prove beneficial for individuals who regularly engage in repeated HIE. The research purpose was to investigate the safety and efficacy of fucoidans on inflammatory and immune markers following HIE.
Eight male and eight female participants were randomized into a double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced, crossover design study and supplemented with 1 g/day fucoidan from (UPF) or placebo (PL) for 2 weeks. Supplementation periods concluded with HIE testing, followed by 1 week of washout. HIE involved one > 30 s Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) and eight 10 s WAnT intervals. Blood was drawn pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, 30 min, and 60 min post-exercise to assess immune and inflammatory markers. Blood markers, peak power (PP), and mean power (MP) were analyzed using a 2 (condition) × 4 (time) design. Significance was set at α = .05.
A time-by-condition interaction was observed for interleukin-6 ( = .01) and interleukin-10 ( = .008). Post hoc analysis revealed greater interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 concentrations at 30 min post HIE with UPF supplementation ( = .002 and = .005, respectively). No effects of condition were observed for all blood markers or performance outcomes with UPF supplementation ( > .05). Main effects of time were observed for white blood cells, red blood cells, red cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, natural killer cells, B and T-lymphocytes, CD4 and CD8 cells ( < .05).
No adverse events were reported throughout the study period, indicating a positive safety profile of UPF. While notable changes in biomarkers occurred up to 1 hr post HIE, few differences were observed between supplementation conditions. There did appear to be a modest effect of UPF on inflammatory cytokines potentially warranting further investigation. However, fucoidan supplementation did not influence exercise performance.
高强度运动（HIE）会损害肌肉肌腱复合体并影响免疫反应，导致运动后炎症。充分的休息和恢复将提高肌肉对未来损伤的抵抗力；然而，在促进持续炎症和免疫失调的运动竞赛中，HIE 与最短的休息时间相结合是很常见的。褐藻糖胶是一种富含岩藻糖的硫酸多糖，具有抗炎和促进免疫的作用。褐藻糖胶可能改善炎症和免疫反应，这可能对经常进行重复 HIE 的人有益。本研究的目的是调查褐藻糖胶对 HIE 后炎症和免疫标志物的安全性和有效性。
8 名男性和 8 名女性参与者被随机分为双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉设计研究，并每天补充 1 克来自 （UPF）的褐藻糖胶或安慰剂（PL）2 周。补充期结束后进行 HIE 测试，然后进行 1 周的洗脱期。HIE 包括一次>30 秒的无氧测试（WAnT）和 8 次 10 秒的 WAnT 间隔。在运动前、运动后即刻、30 分钟和 60 分钟采血，以评估免疫和炎症标志物。采用 2（条件）×4（时间）设计分析血液标志物、峰值功率（PP）和平均功率（MP）。显著性水平设定为α=0.05。
观察到白细胞介素-6（=0.01）和白细胞介素-10（=0.008）的时间与条件的交互作用。事后分析显示，在 HIE 后 30 分钟时，UPF 补充剂组的白细胞介素-6 和白细胞介素-10 浓度更高（=0.002 和=0.005）。在 UPF 补充剂组，条件对所有血液标志物或运动表现均无影响（>0.05）。时间的主要影响是白细胞、红细胞、红细胞分布宽度、平均血小板体积、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、自然杀伤细胞、B 和 T 淋巴细胞、CD4 和 CD8 细胞（<0.05）。
在整个研究期间没有报告不良事件，表明 UPF 的安全性良好。尽管 HIE 后长达 1 小时内生物标志物发生了显著变化，但在补充条件之间观察到的差异很少。UPF 似乎对炎症细胞因子有一定的影响，这可能需要进一步研究。然而，褐藻糖胶补充剂并没有影响运动表现。
