Lu Tingting, Yang Zhen, Chen Ping, Li Jingyan, Zheng Chen, Kong Linghui, Zhang Huijun
Department of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.
Department of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2023 Jun 2;14:1184701. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1184701. eCollection 2023.
This study aimed to examine the factors affecting medication literacy in community-dwelling older adults with hypertension, guided by social learning theory. It sought to analyze the pathways these factors influenced and provide a theoretical foundation for designing targeted intervention programs. This is a cross-sectional study. From October 2022 to February 2023, a total of 432 community-dwelling older adults with hypertension from Linghe District, Guta District, and Taihe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, China, were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire, a medication literacy questionnaire, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, the General Self-efficacy Scale, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. The collected data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The medication literacy score among the participants was 3.83 ± 1.91. Multi-factor analysis revealed key factors affecting their medication literacy, including blood pressure-control status, utilization of community health education resources, receiving guidance for medication usage, marital status, number of annual visits, social support, self-efficacy, and disease perception. The SEM based on social learning theory showed that general self-efficacy mediated the relationship between social support, disease perception, and medication literacy. The present study developed a model and provided potential intervention strategies to improve medication literacy, knowledge, and safety among community-dwelling older adults with hypertension, considering the relationships between the identified variables.
本研究旨在以社会学习理论为指导，探讨影响社区高血压老年患者用药知识水平的因素。研究分析了这些因素的影响路径，并为设计针对性干预方案提供理论基础。这是一项横断面研究。2022年10月至2023年2月，采用方便抽样法，选取了中国辽宁省锦州市凌河区、古塔区和太和区的432名社区高血压老年患者。通过社会人口学问卷、用药知识水平问卷、简易疾病认知问卷、一般自我效能量表和感知社会支持量表收集数据。对收集到的数据进行Kruskal-Wallis检验、Mann-Whitney检验、相关性分析、多元逐步回归分析和结构方程模型（SEM）分析。参与者的用药知识水平得分为3.83±1.91。多因素分析揭示了影响其用药知识水平的关键因素，包括血压控制状况、社区健康教育资源利用情况、用药指导接受情况、婚姻状况、年度就诊次数、社会支持、自我效能和疾病认知。基于社会学习理论的结构方程模型表明，一般自我效能在社会支持、疾病认知和用药知识水平之间起中介作用。本研究构建了一个模型，并考虑到已识别变量之间的关系，提供了潜在的干预策略，以提高社区高血压老年患者的用药知识水平、知识掌握程度和用药安全性。
