Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Department of Biomedical Engineer, Army 75 Group Military Hospital, Kunming, China.
J Nurs Manag. 2022 Mar;30(2):428-438. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13499. Epub 2021 Nov 16.
To explore the relationships among self-efficacy, information literacy, social support and career success of clinical nurses and identify factors influencing clinical nurses' career success in northwestern China.
Understanding the influencing factors of career success is important for the professional development of nurses and the improvement of clinical nursing quality. Many influencing factors of career success have been identified, but there is no large-scale research on the relationships among self-efficacy, information literacy, social support and career success of clinical nurses based on Kaleidoscope Career Model. Studies examining the association of the four factors remain limited.
A total of 3011 clinical nurses from 30 hospitals in northwestern China were selected in the cross-sectional survey, and the response rate was 94.71%. The clinical nurses completed the online self-report questionnaires including self-efficacy, information literacy, social support rating scale and career success scale. The data were analysed by SPSS23.0 statistical software using t test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression. Structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyse the influencing factors of career success using Mplus 8.3.
The career success of clinical nurses in northwestern China was at a medium level. The linear multivariate regression analysis showed that self-efficacy (β = .513), social support (β = .230), information support (β = .106), information consciousness (β = -.097), information knowledge (β = .067), information ethics (β = -.053), hospital grade (β = .118), marital status (β = -.071) and age (β = -.037) entered regression equation of clinical nurses' career success (all P < .05). SEM results showed that the career success was negatively correlated with demographic characteristics and positively correlated with social support and self-efficacy.
Demographic characteristics, self-efficacy, social support and information literacy are the influencing factors of nurses' career success, which should be considered in the process of promoting nurses' career success.
Nursing managers need to acknowledge the significance of nurses' career success both for the realization of their own value and for the improvement of clinical nursing quality. They should encourage nurses to enhance self-efficacy and render more social support through incentive policies and foster nurses' information literacy through information technology training so as to improve their career success.
探讨临床护士自我效能感、信息素养、社会支持与职业成功的关系，并确定影响中国西北地区临床护士职业成功的因素。
了解职业成功的影响因素对于护士的专业发展和临床护理质量的提高至关重要。已经确定了许多影响职业成功的因素，但基于万花筒职业模型，针对临床护士自我效能感、信息素养、社会支持与职业成功之间关系的大规模研究较少。关于这四个因素之间关联的研究仍然有限。
采用横断面调查方法，选取中国西北地区 30 家医院的 3011 名临床护士进行在线自填式问卷调查，有效回收率为 94.71%。临床护士完成自我效能感、信息素养、社会支持评定量表和职业成功量表。采用 SPSS23.0 统计软件进行 t 检验、方差分析、Pearson 相关分析和多元线性回归分析，采用 Mplus 8.3 软件的结构方程模型（SEM）分析职业成功的影响因素。
中国西北地区临床护士职业成功处于中等水平。线性多元回归分析显示，自我效能感（β=0.513）、社会支持（β=0.230）、信息支持（β=0.106）、信息意识（β=-0.097）、信息知识（β=0.067）、信息伦理（β=-0.053）、医院级别（β=0.118）、婚姻状况（β=-0.071）和年龄（β=-0.037）进入临床护士职业成功回归方程（均 P<0.05）。SEM 结果显示，职业成功与人口统计学特征呈负相关，与社会支持和自我效能感呈正相关。
人口统计学特征、自我效能感、社会支持和信息素养是护士职业成功的影响因素，在促进护士职业成功的过程中应予以考虑。
护理管理者需要认识到护士职业成功对实现自身价值和提高临床护理质量的重要性。他们应通过激励政策鼓励护士增强自我效能感并提供更多的社会支持，并通过信息技术培训培养护士的信息素养，以提高他们的职业成功。
