Pratama Kharisma, Fahrain Jerry, Pradika Jaka, Kardiatun Tutur, Bhakti Wida Kuswida, Suyasa Putu Dharma
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Keperawatan Muhammadiyah Pontianak, Indonesia.
School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University, Indonesia.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2023 Apr 14;28(2):139-143. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_432_21. eCollection 2023 Mar-Apr.
Many strategies exist to prevent diabetic ulcer recurrence, yet an effective method does not currently exist. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a prevention strategy to reduce ulcer recurrence in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM).
A quasi-experimental, two group study was undertaken with 60 participants with type 2 DM. Two trained nurses participated in this study as study assistants. Participants were divided into two groups: the intervention group received preventive treatment, including examination and assessment, foot care, and an educational program; the control group received standard care using the five pillars of DM management in Indonesia.
An equal number of men (n = 30) and women (n = 30) participated in this study. Neuropathy was noted in 76.70% and 56.70% of patients in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Furthermore, 63.30% of patients in the control group and 56.70% in the intervention group had foot deformities. The recurrence rate was lower in the intervention group (13.30%) than in the control group (33.30%). Moreover, 83.30% in the control group and 76.70% in the intervention group did not smoke. The duration of DM in both groups was >9 years (50% in the intervention and 43.30% in the control group). There were no significant differences between the two groups, with mean (SD) in age (t = -0.87, 0.389), ankle-brachial index (t = -1.05, 0.144), and HbA1C (t = -0.35, = 0.733).
Prevention strategies combining examination and assessment, foot care, and educational programs can reduce ulcer recurrence in diabetic patients.
存在多种预防糖尿病溃疡复发的策略，但目前尚无有效的方法。本研究评估一种预防策略对降低糖尿病（DM）患者溃疡复发的有效性。
对60名2型糖尿病患者进行了一项准实验性的两组研究。两名经过培训的护士作为研究助手参与了本研究。参与者被分为两组：干预组接受预防性治疗，包括检查与评估、足部护理和教育项目；对照组采用印度尼西亚糖尿病管理的五大支柱进行标准护理。
本研究中男性（n = 30）和女性（n = 30）参与人数相等。干预组和对照组分别有76.70%和56.70%的患者存在神经病变。此外，对照组63.30%的患者和干预组56.70%的患者有足部畸形。干预组的复发率（13.30%）低于对照组（33.30%）。此外，对照组83.30%的患者和干预组76.70%的患者不吸烟。两组糖尿病病程均>9年（干预组为50%，对照组为43.30%）。两组在年龄（t = -0.87，P = 0.389）、踝臂指数（t = -1.05，P = 0.144）和糖化血红蛋白（t = -0.35，P = 0.733）方面无显著差异。
结合检查与评估、足部护理和教育项目的预防策略可降低糖尿病患者溃疡复发率。
