Rahaman Hammadur Sk, Jyotsna Viveka P, Sreenivas V, Krishnan Anand, Tandon Nikhil
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Jan-Feb;22(1):74-78. doi: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_148_17.
A large number of patients with diabetes mellitus are unaware of foot care and are at risk of developing foot ulcer and amputation. This increases healthcare burden due to preventable complication of diabetes.
We conducted this study to assess the effectiveness of a foot care education module for diabetes developed by us.
One hundred and twenty-seven patients with diabetes mellitus attending our outpatient were randomized into intervention ( = 63) and control groups ( = 64). At first visit, 1 and 3 months later, both groups filled a questionnaire regarding foot care knowledge and practice. The intervention group was administered foot care education module and the control group received routine care at baseline and 1 month. Patient education module consisted of an audio-visual display and a pamphlet on diabetes foot care. Change in score at 3 months was assessed by Student's -test.
Knowledge scores in the intervention group at first, second, and third visits were 9.8 ± 1.8, 10.2 ± 1.6, and 11.0 ± 1.7, respectively. The knowledge scores in the control group at first, second, and third visits were 9.9 ± 1.7, 9.8 ± 1.6, and 10.0 ± 1.8, respectively. The change in knowledge score was statistically significant ( < 0.001) at third visit compared to first in the intervention group but not in the control group ( = 0.62). Practice score also improved significantly ( < 0.001) in the intervention group in the second visit but not in the control group.
Audio-visual foot care patient education module in outpatient setting is an effective means to improve foot care knowledge and practice in patients with diabetes.
大量糖尿病患者未意识到足部护理的重要性，面临发生足部溃疡和截肢的风险。这增加了糖尿病可预防并发症带来的医疗负担。
我们开展本研究以评估我们开发的糖尿病足部护理教育模块的效果。
127例在我院门诊就诊的糖尿病患者被随机分为干预组（n = 63）和对照组（n = 64）。在首次就诊时、1个月后和3个月后，两组均填写一份关于足部护理知识和实践的问卷。干预组接受足部护理教育模块，对照组在基线和1个月时接受常规护理。患者教育模块包括一个视听展示和一本关于糖尿病足部护理的宣传册。通过学生t检验评估3个月时得分的变化。
干预组在第一次、第二次和第三次就诊时的知识得分分别为9.8±1.8、10.2±1.6和11.0±1.7。对照组在第一次、第二次和第三次就诊时的知识得分分别为9.9±1.7、9.8±1.6和10.0±1.8。与干预组第一次就诊相比，第三次就诊时知识得分的变化具有统计学意义（P < 0.001），而对照组无统计学意义（P = 0.62）。干预组在第二次就诊时实践得分也显著提高（P < 0.001），而对照组无显著变化。
门诊环境下的视听足部护理患者教育模块是提高糖尿病患者足部护理知识和实践的有效手段。
