Associations of Dietary Intakes of Total and Specific Types of Fat with Blood Lipid Levels in the Filipino Women's Diet and Health Study (FiLWHEL).

BACKGROUND

Limited evidence exists on the association between dietary fat intake and lipid profiles in Southeast Asian populations.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations of dietary intake of total and specific types of fat with dyslipidemia in Filipino immigrant women in Korea.

METHODS

We included 406 Filipino women married to Korean in the Filipino Women's Diet and Health Study (FiLWHEL). Dietary fat intake was assessed using 24-hour recalls. Impaired blood lipid profiles were defined as high total cholesterol (TC) (≥200 mg/dL), high triglyceride (TG) (≥150 mg/dL), high LDL Cholesterol (LDL-C) (≥ 130 mg/dL), or low HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (<50 mg/dL). The genomic DNA samples were genotyped using DNA chip. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS

Substituting carbohydrates with dietary saturated fat (SFA) intake was associated with increased prevalence of dyslipidemia; ORs (95% CIs) for subsequent tertiles compared to the first tertile were 2.28 (1.19-4.35), and 2.88 (1.29-6.39) ( = 0.02). When we examined individual markers, ORs (95% CIs, ) comparing the third to the first tertile were 3.62 (1.53-8.55, 0.01) for high TC, 1.46 (0.42-5.10, 0.72) for high TG, 4.00 (1.48-10.79, 0.02) for high LDL-C, and 0.69 (0.30-1.59, 0.36) for low HDL-C. When we examined the interaction by LDL-C-related polymorphisms, the association with dyslipidemia was more pronounced among participants with CC alleles than among those with T alleles of rs6102059 ( = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

High dietary SFA intake was significantly associated with a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in Filipino women in Korea. Further prospective cohort studies are warranted to determine risk factors for CVD in Southeast Asian populations.