Jigjiga University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 May 19;102(20):e33810. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033810.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients face several hematological abnormalities. Of these abnormalities, anemia is the most common one. Africa has a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS, especially in the East and South African region, which is heavily affected by the virus. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of anemia among patients with HIV/AIDS in East Africa.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted based on the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Dove Press, Cochrane Online, and African journals online were searched systematically. The quality of the included studies was assessed by 2 independent reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Data were extracted into an Excel sheet and then exported to STATA version 11 for analysis. A random-effect model was fitted to estimate the pooled prevalence and Higgins I2 test statistics were done to test the heterogeneity of studies. Funnel plots analysis and Egger-weighted regression tests were done to detect publication bias.
The pooled prevalence of anemia among HIV/AIDS patients in East Africa was 25.35% (95% CI: 20.69-30.03%). A subgroup analysis by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) status showed that the prevalence of anemia among HAART naive HIV/AIDS patients was 39.11% (95% CI: 29.28-48.93%) whereas the prevalence among HAART experienced was 36.72% (95% CI: 31.22-42.22%). A subgroup analysis by the study population showed that the prevalence of anemia among adult HIV/AIDS patients was 34.48% (95% CI: 29.52-39.44%) whereas the pooled prevalence among children was 36.17% (95% CI: 26.68-45.65%).
This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that anemia is among the most common hematological abnormalities in HIV/AIDS patients in East Africa. It also underscored the importance of taking diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic measures for the management of this abnormality.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者面临多种血液学异常。其中，贫血是最常见的一种。非洲的 HIV/AIDS 发病率很高，尤其是在东非和南非地区，这些地区深受该病毒的影响。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在确定东非 HIV/AIDS 患者贫血的总患病率。
本系统评价和荟萃分析是根据《系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目》的指南进行的。通过系统搜索 PubMed、Google Scholar、Science Direct、Dove Press、Cochrane Online 和非洲期刊在线，评估了纳入研究的质量。两位独立评审员使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所的批判性评估工具进行评估。将数据提取到 Excel 工作表中，然后导出到 STATA 版本 11 进行分析。使用随机效应模型估计总体患病率，并进行 Higgins I2 检验统计量以检验研究的异质性。进行漏斗图分析和 Egger 加权回归检验以检测发表偏倚。
东非 HIV/AIDS 患者贫血的总患病率为 25.35%（95%CI：20.69-30.03%）。按高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）状态进行亚组分析显示，HAART 初治 HIV/AIDS 患者贫血患病率为 39.11%（95%CI：29.28-48.93%），而 HAART 经验丰富患者的患病率为 36.72%（95%CI：31.22-42.22%）。按研究人群进行亚组分析显示，成人 HIV/AIDS 患者贫血患病率为 34.48%（95%CI：29.52-39.44%），而儿童患者的总患病率为 36.17%（95%CI：26.68-45.65%）。
本系统评价和荟萃分析表明，贫血是东非 HIV/AIDS 患者最常见的血液学异常之一。它还强调了采取诊断、预防和治疗措施来管理这种异常的重要性。
