微波消融治疗囊肿及囊实性肿瘤的组织模拟模型研究

Department of Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.

Int J Hyperthermia. 2023;40(1):2220561. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2220561.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

Microwave ablation (MWA) is a promising modality that needs to be further investigated for cystic lesions. The present study aimed to determine the effects of MWA on cysts and cystic neoplasms with a tissue-mimicking model.

METHODS

Twenty New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into Group A (cyst mimic models, = 10, φ = 5 cm) and Group B (cystic neoplasm mimicking models, = 10, φ = 5 cm). For each group, rabbit healthy bladder and VX2-implanted tumor bladder were fixed and embedded in agarose gel to mimic cyst and cystic neoplasm. In the MWA experimental subgroups, microwave antennas guided by computed tomography (CT) were introduced into these models. A system thermometer was placed at the outer edge of the bladder wall to monitor temperature changes. Immediately after MWA, rabbit healthy bladders and VX2-implanted tumor bladders were harvested for gross anatomy and prepared for pathological evaluation.

RESULTS

A total of twenty cyst and cystic neoplasm mimicking models were successfully developed. Ninety percent of the MWA procedures were successful, and no peri-procedural complications were encountered. The temperature of the cystic wall increased with duration in both MWA experimental subgroups and an effective ablation temperature (>60 °C) was achieved. Pathological examination of the cyst and cystic neoplasm mimic models revealed degenerative necrosis of the bladder wall mucosal epithelial cells, loss of bladder wall tissue structure and coagulative necrosis of VX2 tumor cells.

CONCLUSION

Our data indicate that MWA could cause thermal damage to the tissue structure of cyst and cystic neoplasm, and it is an effective technique for treating cystic diseases.HIGHLIGHTS rabbit healthy bladder and VX2-implanted tumor bladder were fixed and embedded in agarose gel to mimic cyst and cystic neoplasm.The temperature of the cystic wall increased with MWA duration and an effective ablation temperature (> 60 °C) was achieved.MWA could cause thermal damage to the tissue structure of the cyst and cystic neoplasm and it is effective in treating cystic diseases, as assessed by histopathology.

背景与目的

微波消融（MWA）是一种很有前途的治疗方法，需要进一步研究其对囊性病变的疗效。本研究旨在利用组织模拟模型确定 MWA 对囊性病变和囊性肿瘤的疗效。

方法

20 只新西兰白兔随机分为 A 组（囊性病变模拟模型，n=10，φ=5cm）和 B 组（囊性肿瘤模拟模型，n=10，φ=5cm）。每组均将兔健康膀胱和 VX2 种植瘤膀胱固定并嵌入琼脂糖凝胶中，以模拟囊性病变和囊性肿瘤。在 MWA 实验组中，通过 CT 引导将微波天线引入这些模型。将系统温度计置于膀胱壁外缘以监测温度变化。MWA 后立即取出兔健康膀胱和 VX2 种植瘤膀胱进行大体解剖，并准备进行病理评估。

结果

共成功建立了 20 个囊性病变和囊性肿瘤模拟模型。90%的 MWA 操作成功，无围手术期并发症。在 MWA 实验组中，囊性壁的温度随时间的推移而升高，达到了有效的消融温度（>60°C）。囊性病变和囊性肿瘤模拟模型的病理检查显示膀胱壁黏膜上皮细胞退行性坏死、膀胱壁组织结构丧失和 VX2 肿瘤细胞凝固性坏死。