Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Faculty of Health and Physical Education, University of Szczecin, 70-453, Szczecin, Poland.
Collegium Medicum Dr.Władysław Biegański, Department of Physical Culture Sciences, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 19;13(1):9882. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36856-0.
Even though running performance and positional profiles in football are well described, amputee football (AF) has different characteristics of the movement, pitch dimensions, and time played. There is a gap in the scientific literature about positional profiles based on running performance in AF. This study aimed to investigate the differences between positions, the influence of the amputation level or defect of the lower limb (LD), the differences in running performance between halves, and the relationship with the final match result. Thirteen AF National Team players were monitored by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), tracking 24 official international matches for 17 months. Values of top speed, peak acceleration, peak deceleration, average distance per minute, sprint mean speed, GPS load per minute, inertial load per minute (Gs load/min), number of sprints per minute, and a number of impacts per minute were analyzed for defenders (DEF), midfielders (MID) and forwards (FOR). Additional factors analyzed were amputation level (below the knee, low amputation-LA or over the knee, high amputation-HA or defect of the lower limb-LD) and the match's final result. Midfielders had significantly higher running performance parameters compared to other positions (greater top speed than DEF (+ 0.3 m/s; p < 0.001) and FOR (+ 0.2 m/s; p = 0.045), greater peak acceleration and deceleration than DEF (+ 0.5 m/s for both measures; p < 0.001) and FOR (+ 0.4 and + 0.3 m/s; p < 0.001 and p = 0.036, respectively), greater GPS load/minute than DEF (+ 0.2 load/min; p = 0.001) and FOR (+ 0.3 load/min; p < 0.001), greater Gs load per minute than DEF (+ 2.7 load/min; p < 0.001) and FOR (+ 1.8 load/min; p < 0.001), greater number of impacts per minute than DEF (+ 0.2 n/min; p < 0.001) and FOR (+ 0.2 n/min; p < 0.001). Players with LD had significantly higher running performance than those with LA or HA. In the match's second half, a decrease in running performance was registered. The trend of running more when losing could be observed-AF players had higher running parameters in lost matches, but the differences were not statistically significant. Further research complied with contextual game analysis is needed to assess the running performance of AF players deeply.
尽管足球的跑动表现和位置特征已有详尽描述，但截肢足球（AF）的运动特征、场地尺寸和比赛时间均有所不同。目前，关于 AF 中基于跑动表现的位置特征的科学文献仍存在空白。本研究旨在调查不同位置之间的差异、下肢截肢水平或缺陷（LD）的影响、上下半场跑动表现的差异，以及与最终比赛结果的关系。13 名 AF 国家队球员通过全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）进行监测，在 17 个月内跟踪了 24 场国际正式比赛。分析了防守者（DEF）、中场球员（MID）和前锋（FOR）的最高速度、峰值加速度、峰值减速度、每分钟平均距离、冲刺平均速度、每分钟 GPS 负荷、每分钟惯性负荷（Gs 负荷/分钟）、每分钟冲刺次数和每分钟撞击次数。分析的其他因素包括截肢水平（膝下、低截肢-LA 或膝上、高截肢-HA 或下肢缺陷-LD）和比赛的最终结果。与其他位置相比，中场球员的跑动表现参数显著更高（比 DEF 更高的最高速度（+0.3m/s；p<0.001）和 FOR（+0.2m/s；p=0.045），比 DEF 和 FOR 更高的峰值加速度和减速度（+0.5m/s，两种测量值均为 p<0.001）和 FOR（+0.4 和+0.3m/s；p<0.001 和 p=0.036），比 DEF 和 FOR 更高的 GPS 负荷/分钟（+0.2 负荷/分钟；p=0.001）和（+0.3 负荷/分钟；p<0.001），比 DEF 更高的 Gs 负荷/分钟（+2.7 负荷/分钟；p<0.001）和 FOR（+1.8 负荷/分钟；p<0.001），比 DEF 和 FOR 更高的每分钟撞击次数（+0.2n/min；p<0.001）和 FOR（+0.2n/min；p<0.001）。LD 球员的跑动表现明显高于 LA 或 HA 球员。在比赛的下半场，跑动表现有所下降。可以观察到一种趋势，即在输球时跑得更多——AF 球员在输球的比赛中具有更高的跑动参数，但差异没有统计学意义。需要进一步进行符合情境的比赛分析研究，以深入评估 AF 球员的跑动表现。
