Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
BMC Cancer. 2023 Jun 19;23(1):563. doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-10988-y.
Published epidemiological studies of haematological cancers are few. Hereby we present a 20-year epidemiological data of haematological cancers in Sarawak from a population-based cancer registry.
Haematological cancer cases with ICD-10 coded C81-C96 and ICD-O coded /3 diagnosed from 1996 to 2015 were retrieved from Sarawak Cancer Registry. Adult was defined as those 15 years and above. Incidence rate (IR) was calculated based on yearly Sarawak citizen population stratified to age, gender, and ethnic groups. Age-standardised IR (ASR) was calculated using Segi World Standard Population.
A total of 3,947 cases were retrieved and analysed. ASR was 10 and male predominance (IR ratio 1.32, 95%CI 1.24,1.41). Haematological cancers generally had a U-shaped distribution with lowest IR at age 10-14 years and exponential increment from age 40 years onwards, except acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) with highest IR in paediatric 2.8 versus adult 0.5. There was a significant difference in ethnic and specific categories of haematological cancers, of which, in general, Bidayuh (IR ratio 1.13, 95%CI 1.00, 1.27) and Melanau (IR ratio 0.54, 95%CI 0.45, 0.65) had the highest and lowest ethnic-specific IR, respectively, in comparison to Malay. The ASR (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute myeloid leukaemia, ALL, chronic myeloid leukaemia, and plasma cell neoplasm) showed a decreasing trend over the 20 years, -2.09 in general, while Hodgkin lymphoma showed an increasing trend of + 2.80. There was crude rate difference between the 11 administrative divisions of Sarawak.
This study provided the IR and ASR of haematological cancers in Sarawak for comparison to other regions of the world. Ethnic diversity in Sarawak resulted in significant differences in IR and ASR.
发表的血液系统恶性肿瘤的流行病学研究较少。本文报告了从基于人群的癌症登记处获得的沙捞越地区 20 年来血液系统恶性肿瘤的流行病学数据。
从沙捞越癌症登记处检索了 1996 年至 2015 年间 ICD-10 编码为 C81-C96 和 ICD-O 编码为 /3 的血液系统恶性肿瘤病例。成人定义为 15 岁及以上。发病率（IR）按年龄、性别和种族分层的每年沙捞越公民人口计算。使用 Segi 世界标准人口计算年龄标准化发病率（ASR）。
共检索到 3947 例病例进行分析。ASR 为 10，男性居多（IR 比 1.32，95%CI 1.24，1.41）。血液系统恶性肿瘤的分布一般呈 U 型，10-14 岁时发病率最低，40 岁后呈指数增长，除急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）外，儿科发病率最高（2.8 比成人 0.5）。血液系统恶性肿瘤在种族和特定类别方面存在显著差异，一般来说，与马来人相比，比达尤（IR 比 1.13，95%CI 1.00，1.27）和梅拉瑙（IR 比 0.54，95%CI 0.45，0.65）的种族特异性发病率最高和最低。20 年来，ASR（非霍奇金淋巴瘤、急性髓细胞白血病、ALL、慢性髓细胞白血病和浆细胞瘤）呈下降趋势，总体下降 2.09%，而霍奇金淋巴瘤呈上升趋势，增长 2.80%。沙捞越 11 个行政区之间存在粗率差异。
本研究提供了沙捞越地区血液系统恶性肿瘤的发病率和年龄标准化发病率，以便与世界其他地区进行比较。沙捞越的种族多样性导致发病率和年龄标准化发病率存在显著差异。
