Department of Agriculture, Bam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bam, Iran.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran.
J Insect Sci. 2023 May 1;23(3). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iead037.
The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the important pests of cruciferous plants throughout the world including Iran. In the present study, we grew cultivated canola plants under different fertilizers or distilled water and sprayed them with 100 µM abscisic acid (ABA) or a control solution (NaOH dissolved in water) to study (i) the antibiosis parameters of B. brassicae on these plants; (ii) the antixenosis of B. brassicae adults on these plants; (iii) the plant's peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity; and (iv) the plant's total phenolic and glucosinolate content. The results of antibiosis experiments showed that ABA and fertilizers have a profound and negative effect on the performance of B. brassicae. In the antixenosis experiment, control plants attracted a significantly higher number of adult females in comparison to treated plants. Also, B. brassicae had lower performance and preference when they were reared on the ABA-treated fertilized plants with higher levels of phenolic and glucosinolate content. These results prompted us to hypothesize that fertilizers enable canola plants to trigger a higher level of secondary metabolites. Our findings reveal that the type and level of nutrient availability may have different impacts on how the plant regulates its defense mechanisms.
甘蓝蚜，Brevicoryne brassicae L.（半翅目：蚜科），是全世界十字花科植物的重要害虫之一，包括伊朗。在本研究中，我们在不同的肥料或蒸馏水下种植栽培油菜植物，并向它们喷洒 100µM 脱落酸（ABA）或对照溶液（溶于水的 NaOH），以研究：（i）B. brassicae 在这些植物上的抗生性参数；（ii）B. brassicae 成虫在这些植物上的抗生性；（iii）植物的过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性；以及（iv）植物的总酚和硫代葡萄糖苷含量。抗生性实验的结果表明，ABA 和肥料对 B. brassicae 的表现有深远的负面影响。在抗生性实验中，与处理过的植物相比，对照植物吸引了更多的成年雌性。此外，当 B. brassicae 在 ABA 处理的施肥植物上饲养时，这些植物具有更高的酚类和硫代葡萄糖苷含量，其表现和偏好性较低。这些结果促使我们假设肥料使油菜植物能够引发更高水平的次生代谢物。我们的研究结果表明，营养物质的类型和水平可能会对植物调节其防御机制的方式产生不同的影响。
