Department of Geriatrics, Jiujiang First People's Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China.
Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jun 5;11:1194054. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1194054. eCollection 2023.
The available evidence on the connections between tooth loss, denture use, and mortality from all causes or specific causes among older adults is inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between tooth loss, denture use, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults.
A cohort of 5,403 participants aged 65 and older were recruited in the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey wave and followed up in the 2018 wave. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between the number of natural teeth, denture use, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
During a mean (SD) follow-up of 3.1 years (1.3), 2,126 deaths (39.3%) occurred. Individuals with 0 and 1-9 teeth had higher mortality due to all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and other causes (all -trend <0.05) than those with 20+ teeth. At the same time, no association was found with respiratory disease mortality. Participants who used dentures had lower mortality due to all causes [hazard ratios (HR) 0.79, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.71-0.88], CVD (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-1.00), respiratory disease (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.48-0.92), and other causes (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.68-0.88) than those without dentures. Joint analysis revealed that older adults with fewer natural teeth and no dentures had higher mortality. Additionally, interaction analyses showed that the effects of the number of natural teeth on all-cause mortality were more pronounced in older adults aged <80 years (-value for interaction = 0.03).
Having fewer natural teeth, particularly less than 10 teeth, is linked to an increased risk of mortality from all causes, including CVD, cancer, and other causes, but not respiratory disease. The use of dentures would mitigate the adverse impact of tooth loss on all-cause and some cause-specific mortality.
关于老年人中牙齿缺失、义齿使用与全因或特定原因死亡率之间的关联，现有证据尚无定论。因此，我们旨在研究老年人中牙齿缺失、义齿使用与全因和死因特异性死亡率之间的关系。
在 2014 年中国长寿纵向研究的一次调查中招募了 5403 名年龄在 65 岁及以上的参与者，并在 2018 年进行了随访。采用 Cox 比例风险模型来检验天然牙数量、义齿使用与全因和死因特异性死亡率之间的关联。
在平均（标准差）3.1 年（1.3 年）的随访期间，发生了 2126 例死亡（39.3%）。与有 20 颗以上牙齿的人相比，0 颗和 1-9 颗牙齿的人全因、心血管疾病（CVD）、癌症和其他原因死亡率更高（所有趋势<0.05）。同时，与呼吸系统疾病死亡率无关。使用义齿的参与者全因死亡率降低[风险比（HR）0.79，95%置信区间（CI）0.71-0.88]、CVD（HR 0.80，95% CI 0.64-1.00）、呼吸系统疾病（HR 0.66，95% CI 0.48-0.92）和其他原因（HR 0.77，95% CI 0.68-0.88）低于没有义齿的人。联合分析表明，牙齿自然数量较少且没有义齿的老年人死亡率较高。此外，交互分析表明，牙齿自然数量对全因死亡率的影响在年龄<80 岁的老年人中更为显著（交互值为 0.03）。
牙齿自然数量较少，特别是少于 10 颗牙齿，与全因死亡率增加相关，包括 CVD、癌症和其他原因，但与呼吸系统疾病无关。使用义齿可以减轻牙齿缺失对全因和某些死因特异性死亡率的不利影响。
