Caroll Independent School District, Southlake, TX, USA.
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2023 Dec;66(9):2177-2182. doi: 10.1007/s10840-023-01579-9. Epub 2023 Jun 22.
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a public health crisis affecting about 356,000 adults and 23,000 children annually in the US with 90% fatality. Early bystander CPR and AED application improve survival. Less than 3% of the US population is CPR trained annually. Since 20% of the US population is at school daily, these represent ideal places to target CPR training. Having standardized state school CPR and AED laws will help with training.
We performed a systemic search of the state-specific laws for school AED and CPR requirements within the US. We used PubMed and Google search using keywords: school CPR mandates, US laws for CPR in schools, US state laws for AED implementation, and gaps in US school CPR and AED. We searched for mandates for schools in other countries for comparison.
The state laws for CPR training for high school graduation and AED requirements in US. schools are highly variable, and funding for AEDs is inadequate, especially in schools in lower socio-economic zip codes. Recent AED legislative efforts focus mainly on athletic areas and don't adequately address school size, number of buildings, non-athletic areas, and engagement of student-led advocacy efforts.
To improve OHCA survival, we identified potential solutions to consolidate efforts and overcome the barriers-standardize state laws, involve student bodies, increase funding, and allocate appropriate resources. The CPR/AED education needs to start earlier in schools and be part of the standard curriculum rather than implemented as a stopgap check-box mandate.
院外心脏骤停是美国每年影响约 35.6 万名成年人和 2.3 万名儿童的公共卫生危机，其死亡率高达 90%。早期的旁观者心肺复苏术 (CPR) 和除颤器应用可提高存活率。每年只有不到 3%的美国人口接受 CPR 培训。由于美国 20%的人口每天都在学校，因此这些地方是进行 CPR 培训的理想场所。制定标准化的州立学校心肺复苏术 (CPR) 和除颤器 (AED) 法有助于开展培训。
我们对美国特定州立学校 AED 和 CPR 要求的法律进行了系统性搜索。我们使用 PubMed 和 Google 搜索，使用的关键词包括：学校 CPR 强制要求、美国学校 CPR 法律、美国州立 AED 实施法律以及美国学校 CPR 和 AED 的空白领域。我们还搜索了其他国家的学校 CPR 和 AED 相关要求的立法情况，以作比较。
美国各州立学校 CPR 培训毕业要求和 AED 要求的法律存在高度差异，AED 资金不足，尤其是在社会经济地位较低的邮政编码地区的学校。最近的 AED 立法工作主要集中在体育领域，没有充分考虑到学校规模、建筑数量、非体育区域以及学生主导的宣传工作的参与度。
为了提高 OHCA 存活率，我们确定了潜在的解决方案，以整合努力并克服障碍——标准化州立法律、让学生参与、增加资金并分配适当的资源。CPR/AED 教育需要在学校更早开始，并成为标准课程的一部分，而不是作为应急检查框的强制要求。
