Soni Naveen, Nandi Gargi, Chaudhary Megha, Bissa Bhawana
Dept. of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
Dept. of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2023 Oct;1870(7):119523. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119523. Epub 2023 Jun 20.
Since its discovery a few decades ago, autophagy has been recognized as a crucial signaling pathway, linked to the recycling of cellular components in nutrient stress. Autophagy is a two-way sword, playing a dual role in tumorigenesis. In this catabolic process, dysfunctional organelles, biomolecules, and misfolded proteins are sequestered in the autophagosome and sent to the lysosome for degradation. Alongside, there are cellular messengers called exosomes, which are released from cells and are known to communicate and regulate metabolism in recipient cells. Multivesicular bodies (MVB) act as the intricate link between autophagy and exosome pathways. The continuous crosstalk between the two pathways is coordinated and regulated by multiple players among which ncRNA is the emerging candidates. The exosomes carry varied cargo of which non-coding RNA exerts an immediate regulatory effect on recipient cells. ncRNA is known to exhibit dual behavior in both promoting and inhibiting tumor growth. There is increasing evidence for the involvement of ncRNAs' in the regulation of different hallmarks of cancer. Different ncRNAs are involved in the co-regulation of autophagy and exosome pathways and therefore represent a superior therapeutic approach to target cancer chemoresistance. Here, we will discuss the ncRNA involved in regulating autophagy, and exosomes pathways and its relevance in cancer therapeutics.
自几十年前被发现以来，自噬已被公认为是一条关键的信号通路，与营养应激下细胞成分的循环利用相关。自噬是一把双刃剑，在肿瘤发生过程中发挥着双重作用。在这个分解代谢过程中，功能失调的细胞器、生物分子和错误折叠的蛋白质被隔离在自噬体中，并被送到溶酶体进行降解。与此同时，存在一种名为外泌体的细胞信使，它们从细胞中释放出来，已知能在受体细胞中进行通讯和调节代谢。多囊泡体（MVB）是自噬和外泌体途径之间的复杂联系。这两条途径之间的持续串扰由多个参与者协调和调节，其中非编码RNA（ncRNA）是新出现的候选者。外泌体携带多种货物，其中非编码RNA对受体细胞发挥直接调节作用。已知ncRNA在促进和抑制肿瘤生长方面都表现出双重行为。越来越多的证据表明ncRNA参与了癌症不同特征的调控。不同的ncRNA参与自噬和外泌体途径的共同调节，因此代表了一种针对癌症化疗耐药性的卓越治疗方法。在此，我们将讨论参与调节自噬和外泌体途径的ncRNA及其在癌症治疗中的相关性。
