Kim Sukyung, Ahn Kangmo, Kim Jihyun
Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024 Mar;67(3):140-148. doi: 10.3345/cep.2023.00234. Epub 2023 Jun 19.
Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been recommended to reduce parental burden related to strict allergen avoidance and induce desensitization and immune tolerance for patients with long-lasting allergies to hen's eggs (HE) or cow's milk (CM). OIT should be monitored by pediatric allergists specializing in OIT and oral food challenge tests to manage allergic reactions. Although a previous history of anaphylaxis or multiple food allergies is not a contraindication to OIT, it is contraindicated if the patient has uncontrolled asthma, a malignancy, active systemic autoimmune disorders, or diseases requiring treatment with beta-blockers. A variety of OIT protocols have been de veloped to ensure better outcomes and safe up-dosing, including adjunctive therapies with biologics. This review provides insight into the practical issues of various immunotherapy options for children with HE or CM allergies.
口服免疫疗法（OIT）已被推荐用于减轻因严格避免过敏原给家长带来的负担，并为对鸡蛋（HE）或牛奶（CM）长期过敏的患者诱导脱敏和免疫耐受。OIT应由专门从事OIT和口服食物激发试验的儿科过敏症专科医生进行监测，以处理过敏反应。虽然既往有过敏反应史或多种食物过敏并非OIT的禁忌症，但如果患者有未控制的哮喘、恶性肿瘤、活动性全身性自身免疫性疾病或需要使用β受体阻滞剂治疗的疾病，则禁止使用OIT。已经制定了多种OIT方案，以确保更好的治疗效果和安全的剂量递增，包括使用生物制剂的辅助治疗。本综述深入探讨了针对鸡蛋或牛奶过敏儿童的各种免疫疗法的实际问题。
