School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America.
Soybean Genomics and Improvement Lab, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2023 Jun 23;18(6):e0286329. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286329. eCollection 2023.
Soybean is a major source of seed protein and oil globally with an average composition of 40% protein and 20% oil in the seed. The goal of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring seed protein and oil content utilizing a population constructed by crossing an above average protein content line, PI 399084 to another line that had a low protein content value, PI 507429, both from the USDA soybean germplasm collection. The recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, PI 507429 x PI 399084, was evaluated in two replications over four years (2018-2021); the seeds were analyzed for seed protein and oil content using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. The recombinant inbred lines and the two parents were re-sequenced using genotyping by sequencing. A total of 12,761 molecular markers, which came from genotyping by sequencing, the SoySNP6k BeadChip and selected simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from known protein QTL chromosomal regions were used for mapping. One QTL was identified on chromosome 2 explaining up to 56.8% of the variation for seed protein content and up to 43% for seed oil content. Another QTL identified on chromosome 15 explained up to 27.2% of the variation for seed protein and up to 41% of the variation for seed oil content. The protein and oil QTLs of this study and their associated molecular markers will be useful in breeding to improve nutritional quality in soybean.
大豆是全球种子蛋白质和油的主要来源，种子中的蛋白质平均含量为 40%，油的平均含量为 20%。本研究的目的是利用一个由高蛋白质含量品系 PI 399084 与低蛋白质含量品系 PI 507429 杂交构建的群体，鉴定出与种子蛋白质和油含量相关的数量性状位点（QTL）。该群体为重组自交系（RIL）群体，PI 507429 x PI 399084，在四年（2018-2021）内进行了两次重复评估；使用近红外反射光谱法对种子的蛋白质和油含量进行了分析。使用测序的基因分型对重组自交系和两个亲本进行了重新测序。共鉴定了 12761 个分子标记，这些标记来自测序的基因分型、SoySNP6k BeadChip 和来自已知蛋白质 QTL 染色体区域的选定简单重复序列（SSR）标记，用于作图。在第 2 号染色体上鉴定到一个 QTL，可解释高达 56.8%的种子蛋白质含量变化和高达 43%的种子油含量变化。在第 15 号染色体上鉴定到另一个 QTL，可解释高达 27.2%的种子蛋白质含量变化和高达 41%的种子油含量变化。本研究的蛋白质和油 QTL 及其相关分子标记将有助于在培育过程中提高大豆的营养价值。
