CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
Environ Int. 2023 Aug;178:108020. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108020. Epub 2023 Jun 5.
Chlorinated paraffins (CPs), a group of chlorinated alkane mixtures, are frequently detected in various environmental matrices and human bodies. Recently, CPs have garnered considerable attention owing to their potential to induce health hazards in wildlife and human. Several reviews have discussed short-chain CPs (SCCPs) induced ecological risk; however, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying toxic mechanisms and a comparison among SCCPs, medium-, and long-chain CPs (MCCPs and LCCPs, respectively) are yet to be established. This review summarizes the latest research progress on the toxic effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of CPs. The main toxicity mechanisms of CPs include activation of several receptors, oxidative stress, disturbance of energy metabolism, and inhibition of gap junction-mediated communication. The sensitivity of different species to CP-mediated toxicities varies markedly, with aquatic organisms exhibiting the highest sensitivity to CP-induced toxicity. The toxicity comparison analysis indicated that MCCPs may be unsafe as potential substitutes for SCCPs.
氯化石蜡（CPs）是一组氯化烷烃混合物，经常在各种环境基质和人体中被检测到。由于其可能对野生动物和人类造成健康危害，CPs 最近引起了相当大的关注。有几项综述讨论了短链氯化石蜡（SCCPs）引起的生态风险；然而，对于 SCCPs、中链和长链氯化石蜡（MCCPs 和 LCCPs）之间的潜在毒性机制的综合理解尚未建立。本文综述了 CPs 的毒性作用及潜在分子机制的最新研究进展。CPs 的主要毒性机制包括激活几种受体、氧化应激、干扰能量代谢和抑制间隙连接介导的通讯。不同物种对 CP 介导的毒性的敏感性差异很大，水生生物对 CP 诱导的毒性最为敏感。毒性比较分析表明，MCCPs 可能作为 SCCPs 的潜在替代品存在安全隐患。
