Chen Chengkang, Li Li, Zhang Shaoxuan, Liu Jianguo, Wania Frank
Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto M1C 1A4, Ontario, Canada.
State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2024 May 23;11(6):626-633. doi: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00306. eCollection 2024 Jun 11.
Decades-long emissions and long-range transport of chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have resulted in their pervasive presence in the global environment. The lack of an understanding of the global distribution of short-, medium-, and long-chain CPs (SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs) hinders us from quantitatively tracing their origins in remote regions. Using the BETR-Global model and historical emission estimates, we simulate the global dispersion of CPs from 1930 to 2020. Whereas contamination trends in the main contaminated regions (East Asia, Europe, North America, and South Asia) diverge, CP concentrations in the Arctic, Antarctica, and the Tibetan Plateau all increase. By 2020, East Asian, European, and North American emissions contributed 38%, 26%, and 18% of CP contamination in the High Arctic, respectively, while Southern hemispheric emissions and emissions around the Tibetan Plateau primarily contribute to CP contamination in central Antarctica and on the Plateau, respectively. Our results emphasize the important contribution of (i) European and North American emissions to historical CP contamination in remote regions and current MCCP and LCCP contamination in the High Arctic and (ii) East Asian emission to current SCCP and MCCP contamination of all three remote regions. These results can help to evaluate the effectiveness of potential global and regional CP emission-reduction strategies.
几十年来氯化石蜡（CPs）的排放及其远距离传输导致其在全球环境中广泛存在。由于缺乏对短链、中链和长链氯化石蜡（SCCPs、MCCPs和LCCPs）全球分布的了解，我们无法定量追踪其在偏远地区的来源。利用BETR-Global模型和历史排放估算，我们模拟了1930年至2020年CPs的全球扩散情况。虽然主要污染地区（东亚、欧洲、北美和南亚）的污染趋势有所不同，但北极、南极和青藏高原的CP浓度均有所增加。到2020年，东亚、欧洲和北美排放分别占高北极地区CP污染的38%、26%和18%，而南半球排放和青藏高原周边排放分别主要导致南极中部和青藏高原上的CP污染。我们的研究结果强调了（i）欧洲和北美排放对偏远地区历史CP污染以及高北极地区当前MCCP和LCCP污染的重要贡献，以及（ii）东亚排放对所有三个偏远地区当前SCCP和MCCP污染的重要贡献。这些结果有助于评估潜在的全球和区域CP减排策略的有效性。
